Most of ethanol production processes are limited by low ethanol production rate and recyclable problem of ethanologenic organisms. In the present study Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5339 entrapped in an aqueous mixture of alginate and pretreated-bagasse was used for ethanol production of immobilization parameter of yeast cells consisting of amount of bagasse and alginate concentration on ethanol production were investigated. The results showed that increase in alginate concentration and the amount of bagasse can increase structural strength and reduce deterioration of bead. The optimal condition of immobilization was 1.0% (w/v) bagasse and 2.5% alginate. Ethanol yield (Yp/s) ethanol production rate (Qp) and efficiency of fermentation (Ey) obtained from the bagasse-alginate immobilized yeast cell was 3.39±0.72 g/l0.14±0.03 g/l/h and 70.98±14.08% respectively. The ultrastructure obtained from SEM illustrated that S. cerevisiae TISTR 5339 was well incorporated within the bagasse-alginate matrix. Moreover the bagasse-alginate immobilized yeast cells were reusable at least 5 times with Ey higher than 50% of 1st round of fermentation. Therefore the pretreated bagasse-alginate immobilized yeast cells is an alternatively interesting techniques with effiiciency for ethanol production in the future.

The purpose of this research was to develop bagasse packaging antagonizing fungi with turmeric extract for Green Cos Lettuce cultivation. The bagasse package would incorporated with fungistatic turmeric extract instead of using chemicals at concentrations 0 5000 10000 15000 and 20000 ppm. The packaging characteristics efficiency of turmeric extract and the growth of Green Cos Lettuce determined into the percentage of germination height measurement fungi contamination characteristic were tested under the presence and absent antifungal bagasse The plant seedling spreading onto the surface of the packaging with turmeric extracts could be excelled for -their growth with the induction of germination rate of 92-97 percentages. Turmeric extracts at concentrations of 15000 and 20000 ppm had also expel the emergence of Penicillum sp. inhibit Rhizopus sp. and slow down Colletotrichum sp. Moreover the turmeric extract caused packaging decaying by itself slowly possibly helping in common airborne mold prevention. This green safe material showed the respectably effective for Green Cos Lettuce seedling especially for the fungal pathogen contamination during implantations. This research based on using natural extracts and natural fibers from agricultural waste is thus being ecofriendly nonchemical application of packaging product with easily digested for decent consumers who love their health and care environment.

This research was concerned with the fiber separation and non-woven preparation form sugar canes leaves. The separation process was carried out by chemical pulping method at 100 degree Celsius. In order to study the suitable condition for separation process the concentration of sodium hydroxide ranging from 0 -20 grams per liter and boiling time 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 and 120 minutes were performed. Web formation process was performed by wet laid method and polyvinyl alcohol was selected as binder in web bonding process. in order to study the suitable amount of binder in bonding process concentration of polyvinyl alcohol ranging from 1 2 4 6 8 and 10 % w/v coated on web surface and cured at 120 degree Celsius. Bursting strength as well as physical properties evaluation of non-woven fabrics was performed. For antimicrobial finishing process was performed by spray method and pad method. The finishing result was evaluated by MTCC test method 147-1998 (Qualitative) and 100 -1999 (Quantitative) The result was found that appropriate condition for fiber separation was recommended as follows: the amount of sodium hydroxide of 10 grams per liter and boiling time 60 minutes. The suitable amount of polyvinyl alcohol for web bonding process was 2 % w/v. Bursting strength of non-woven fabric was 53 kN/m 3 and padding method was a suitable method for antimicrobial finishing (antimicrobial area 0.3 millimeters )

This research studies the potential for using waste ash from industrial and agricultural by–products as a geopolymer material. This paper presents a study of the resistance to chloride penetration and resistance to sulfuric acid of geopolymer mortar containing ground rice husk ash (RA) and ground bagasse ash (BA). Geopolymer mortars with constant liquid to ash ratio and similar flow were used for the tests. Compressive strength porosity chloride penetration test Rapid migration test of chloride depth chloride ion diffusion coefficient immersion test of chloride depth and weight loss with impressed sulfuric acid were investigated. Test results show that the workable flow of geopolymer mortar was in the range of 110–115% and was dependent on the ratio by mass of sodium silicate to NaOH and the concentration of NaOH. Extra water was used to improve the workabililty. In case of rice husk ash geopolymer mortar the geopolymer mortars with high strengths were obtained with concentration of NaOH of 15M with the sodium silicate to NaOH ratio by weight of 2.5. However the bagasee ash geopolymer mortars with high strengths were obtained with concentration of NaOH of 10M with the sodium silicate to NaOH ratio by weight of 2.5. The use of rice husk ash and bagasse ash produces geopolymer mixes with good strength and resistance to acid and chloride penetration. The resistance to acid and chloride penetration is higher with an increase in the sodium silicate to NaOH ratio by weight of 2.5.

The project Development of Thai hand made paper from sugar cane leaves for handicraft and package aims to study the technique of making paper from sugar cane leaves to make the prototype products made from the developed paper and then transfer the technology to the selected groups. The study included 5 steps: (1) select the target group of 60 people from sugar cane fanners community enterprise group and general public in Lopburi province (2) make the prototype products and present to public (3) prepare the tools for transferring the technology (4) transfer the developed technology and (5) evaluation and statistical analysis including frequency percentage mean and standard deviation. The general infonnation of the 60 trained people can be summarized as follows: 80.00 % is female 26.67 % is 31-40 years old and 40.00 % is sugar cane fanner. The objectives content activities and training method were evaluated to be the best suitable. The structure of the course was found to be the most suitable. More over the materials training documents and place were rated to be the most suitable to the best suitable.