This research project aimed to test the mechanical properties and the capability in wear resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite as well as determine the optimal formulation of UHMWPE-based composites which had a main component of aluminum oxide. The developed formula was used in the manufacture of run-flat wheels and thus applied to build run-flat wheels with an understanding of the proper molding conditions under the run-flat wheel forming process. Two materials used in the research consisted of super-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as the base material and the additive of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). The parameters employed in the hot compression process to obtain the specimen for the experiment consisted of compressive force temperature time and the ratio between super-high molecular weight polyethylene and aluminum oxide. The test for mechanical properties consisted of an impact test a hardness test according to the ASTM D2240 standard a tensile test according to the ASTM D638 standard type I and a wear test according to the ASTM G77 standard. The results indicated that a hot compression condition under a pressure of 5 MPa a temperature of 210°C for 90 min and using 5% Al2O3 HTM 30 material caused mixed uneven powder particle sizes between 2 to 5 µm. The tensile test results inferred the yield strength of 20.52 MPa ultimate tensile strength at 29.96 MPa breaking strength at 22.83 MPa elongation at break at 265.8% and modulus of elasticity at 784.46 MPa. The highest hardness was 62 shore D the high impact strength was 586.8 J/m and it was displayed for the wear rate of hot compression specimens made of UHMWPE mixed with 5% HTM-30. Moreover it introduced a coefficient of friction the wear rate and the density of 0.12 8.66E-11 mm3/N.m and 1.2446958 g/cm3 respectively.

In conducting the research on Material Science two composite materials ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) powder were formulated by hot compression molding process. The formulated materials demonstrated good mechanical properties and high wear resistance properties. Based on the studies the Al2O3 grade selected was Al2O3 HTM 30 harboring mixed uneven powder particle sizes ranging from 2 to 5 microns (μm) and selected proportion of Al2O3 alloy mixed for improving mechanical and wear resistance properties of the UHMWPE composite material was the UHMWPE+Al2O3 HTM 30 at a ratio of 95:5%. When considering both material properties and cost effectiveness in the impact test 2-5 μm Al2O3 HTM carried the higher impact strength than other aluminum oxide grades with the values up to 586.8 J/m at a ratio of 5% aluminum oxide. The hardness test of the 2-5 μm UHMWPE+ Al2O3 HTM delivered the hardness at 58.8 using the standard durometer. The tensile test values consisted of Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength Breaking Strength Elongation at Break and Modulus of elasticity equal to 20.52 MPa 29.96 MPa 22.83 MPa 265.8% and 784.46 MPa respectively.

This research study the effect of pozzolanic materials on light weight concrete by replacement cement with fly ash and Meta kaolin which affect the properties of concrete by using pumics aggregate. Coarse in aerated concrete and consider mechanical properties. Aerated concrete replacement cement by fly ash 20% 35% and 50% respectively and meta-kaolin is replaced. From the results it was found that the compressive strength of light weight concrete at 28 days w/b = 0.55 was higher than that of every 14 days of cement and cement cement replacement by fly ash 50% highest value compressive strength. More than all the ingredients replaced with fly ash and Meta kaolin. When considering the flexural strength of replacement cement with 10% by Meta kaolin the maximum flexural strength of 80 ksc was higher than that of control concrete and all other ingradient. Experimental tensile strength at 28 days result found that replacement cement by fly ash at 35% gave the highest tensile strength of 28 ksc and gave higher tensile strength than all other ingradient. From the impact strength test at age 28 days it was found that the replacement cement 35% by fly ash gave the highest impact strength of 92.00 joule than the 20% and 50% respectively and higher impact strength than that of all kaolin. Except for control concrete.

The aims of this research work were to enhance the impact resistance and processibilty of wheat gluten (WG) by the addition of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) compared to glycerol. This work was divided into two parts: to study the optimum ENR content for improvement of WG and the effect of together functions between ENR and glycerol on the properties of WG. Tested specimens were mixed and prepared by internal mixer and compression molding machine respectively. ENR and glycerol were varied from 10 to 40 phr. The effects of modifier types and contents on WG were evaluated by tensile impact and water absorption testing and thermal analysis. Fracture behavior and rubber dispersion were investigate with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result revealed that the increase of ENR or Glycerol contents led to the decreases in tensile modulus and strength except for modifier content of 10 phr whereas elongation at break and impact strength increased. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of modified WG tended to decreased with the increase of ENR or glycerol contents especially for glycerol. The presence of glycerol affected on the decomposition temperature (Td) values but those were unchanged for case of ENR. Water resistant of WG specimen was improved by the presence of ENR whereas the increase of glycerol led to weight loss at immersion time of 2880 min. For the effect of ENR : glycerol ratios it indicated that glycerol enhanced tensile resistances but suppressed impact and water resistances of modified WG by ENR. Sizes and dispersion of ENR particles were improved by the addition of glycerol. Tg and Td values of modified WG by ENR and glycerol increased when ENR fractions were increased.

This Research is a Development of 8k White Gold low Alloy Metal Components for Jewelry Pieces. By Study and Analyze the Influence of Silver Alloy Gold Alloy Bronze Alloy Zinc Alloy and Tin Alloy. Which Affect Microstructure and Mechanical Properties. (The Different of Color Scales) And Resistance Behavior of Lowered 8k White Gold Alloy in Varies Ratio. The Results Showed that Tests and Analysis to Find the Quantities of Elements has found out that Chemical Components of 8k White Gold Low Alloy Metal had a Little Different Quantities when Compared Between Before and After Centrifugal Casting Process. The Tests and Analysis Results of Mechanical Properties of Test Pieces Showed that the Hardness and Tensile Strength of 8k White Gold Low Alloy Metal with Mixture of 33.33%Au+50.67%Ag+10%Cu+5%Zn+1%Sn had Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength Equal 0.54 kN/mm2 Minimum Elongation Percentage of 55% and Maximum Hardness of 137.0 HV. The Test Results also Show that the Mechanical Properties of the Material are Brittle Material. When Perform a Forming Process the Pieces will be Easily Broken which was Meant that the Forming Process would be Difficult. But The Color Level of the Test Pieces at this Composite Ratio had the Best Metal Color Level. The Brightness L * = 74.87 was a * = -0.89 b * = 13.74 and the Value of ΔE with the Lowest Color Difference Level of 1.35. Compared to other Varies Ratio. It Showed that 8k White Gold Low Alloy Metal Test Pieces were Very Green and Came out Slightly Yellow Compared to the Blue Line that Approached the Standard Line. These Properties were the Physical Properties Required in 8k White Gold Low Alloy Metal Jewelry Pieces Production. Also there were the Results of 8k White Gold Low Alloy Metal in Two Formulas 8k 33.33%Au+50.67%Ag +8%Cu+7%Zn+1%Sn 33.33%Au+50.67%Ag+8%Cu+8%Zn+0%Sn. These Formulas had Tensile Strength in the Range of 1.10 0.60 kN /mm2 Elongation Percentage in the Range of 70 61% and Hardness of 115.6 123.3HV Respectively. The Results of the Mechanical Properties Test of the Test Pieces Showed that 8k White Gold Low Alloy Metal 33.33% Au+50.67%Ag+8%Cu+7%Zn+1%Sn has Similar Tensile Strength but Maximum Elongation Percentage of 70% and Minimum Hardness of 115.6HV. Which was Suitable for Forming Because of good Ductility and Stretchness Properties (Ductile Material). Forming would be Easy. These were Good Mechanical Properties for Forming Precious Metals.