The purposes of this research were to assess the combined phytotoxicity of glyphosate and carbendazim which were normally used as herbicide and fungicide contaminated in soil as 100 – 1000 mg/kg on seedling growth of ridge gourd. Both of glyphosate and carbendazim were toxic to shoot and root growth of ridge gourd seedlings. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) on shoot length root length root fresh weight and shoot dried weight of ridge gourd seedlings for glyphosate were 669.4 413.0 574.5 and 241.4 mg/kg respectively whereas for carbendazim were >1000 357.8 >1000 and 71.4 mg/kg respectively. Co-contamination between glyphosate and carbendazim seemed to be antagonistic effect. Both of glyphosate and carbendazim at all concentration were not toxic to chlorophyll content in cotyledon of ridge gourd seedlings.

The study of vegetable-carved processing packed in hermetically sealed container for 5 types of plant e.g. carrot pumpkin radish green papaya and cucumber which carved into rose or leave shape and preserved in acidified-pickle (7.23% vinegar 64.81% water 0.81% salt 27.00% sugar and 0.15% lactic acid pH 3.27). The processing were conducted by sanitized carved-carrot pumpkin and radish in peroxyacetic acid solution (80 mg/l 3 min) or dipped in tap water (3 min) for green papaya and cucumber. Then all carved-vegetables were blanched in calcium chloride solution (0.5% 3 min) followed by preserved in acidified-pickle in plastic box with a lid and stored for 4 days at room temperature (25ºC). The results showed that pH and °Brix decreased during 4 days storage and showed obviously tended to equilibrium. However carved-radish and cucumber were spoiled by microorganisms as a film on the surface of pickle solution and gas bubble was occurred inside a container on 4th days of the storage. Hence carrot and pumpkin were used in the next experiment which preserved in preservative-added recipe (27.03% vinegar 27.03% water 0.9% salt 45.05% sugar and 200 ppm sodium metabisulfite pH 3.39) with hot-filled method in glass bottle. Treatment was compared with carved-vegetables preserved in acidified-pickle and kept at 4oC as the control. The pH of samples of pickle solution carved-vegetables and mixed-sample of both treatments showed lower than 4.6 and °Brix were gradually decreased during storage periods.The appearance of both treatments were maintain good and not different between treatments. Shelf-life of carved-carrot -pumpkin and -radish stored in hermetically sealed container was up to 7 days. Total bacteria count Escherichia coli yeast-molds were not exceeded than the standard limited by Ministry of Public Health and Staphylococcus aureus was not detected

Use of synthetic surfactant is another choice to increase efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phytoremediation in soil. In this study the toxicity of soil contaminated with anthracene and fluoranthene at total concentration as 0 200 and 800 mg/kg in combination with 2 synthetic surfactants that were triton x-100 and tween 80 at concentration as 0 1 and 10 times of critical micelle concentration (CMC) on seedling growth of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Mirabilis jalapa. Both synthetic surfactants were watered separately on day 13 after inoculation and seedling growth were measured on day 20 after inoculation. The result shown that both H. sabdariffa and M. jalapa could grow in soil contaminated with anthracene and fluoranthene at all concentrations in combination with both synthetic surfactants. Tween 80 at 1 time of CMC were the least toxic to H. sabdariffa while toxicity of all surfactants on M. jalapa were not different. Decrease of plant growth depended on the increasing of PAH concentration in soil. With these reasons both plants were possible to use for PAH phytoremediation at total concentration 200 mg/kg in combination with synthetic surfactant

Sidecars are one kind of vehicles which Thai peoples widely use and also be useful in daily life such as a commercial carrying and transport carrying. the purpose of this project is to increase more safety of carrying and utilization by reserching and developing the stability of sidecars. This approach is to use the 3rd phases set of width adjustable (confirm with legality) is composed first series of small phases second series of midium phases and third series of large phases in order to find each phases of the differences in the stability of sidecars. At the same time this experimentation occured the Pitch angle the Yaw Angel the Resistance in riding and brake and finally the speed of sidecar. Many conclusions are to get the most suitable stability of sidecars. Based on this methodology will be the most suitable stability of sidecars which can develop and design sidecars get more efficiency and capability of carrying later. The result of the stability sidecars testing in case of no carrying was found that increase of wheeltrack directly effects the Yaw Angel increased and conversely Sideslip angle reduced. In case of carrying with passengers was found that the increase of mass directly effected on the increasingly resistance of left hand and right hand. In case of commercial carrying that was similar to the testing carrying with five passengers due to the weight distribution got near to front wheels similarly was found that the increase of wheels base directly effected on the Sideslip angle increased and conversely the Pitch angle reduced. In case of commercial carrying which reduced the speed while cornering directly effected on the Sideslip angle reduced. For the bend testing by braking with the rear brakes and 1.1 m wheel track caused the Pitch angle the Yaw Angle and the Sideslip angle was less was found that was the most suitable stability of sidecars. And conversely for the bend testing by braking with the front brakes or braking with the front and rear brakes jointly caused the Pitch angle the Yaw Angle and the Sideslip angle was more was found that is not insecurity to keep the suitable stability of sidecars.

The current time activated Carbon spaciously have been used in the process of wastewater Treatment and Air Pollution Treatment because of it can absorb various materials such as colors smells and organic materials both in the wastewater or air pollution In this research the researcher interest to study the activated carbon from bagasse as become more quantity in the country to use for reducing the pollution of wastewater at Sugar Company and recycling the leaving materials. This study is the Experimental Research being divided into 2 kinds of charcoal: 1) synthesizing activated carbon from bagasse 2) charcoal. The three contents of waste water: 10 50 and 100 percent are used for analyzing and testing at three periods of time: 30 60 and 90 minutes. The example of the wastewater were analyzed the color and COD. The using activated carbon from the bagasse with the content of wastewater at 10% shown that it could not absorb the color differently at every periods of time the color remained lower than 5 Pt-Co and it could reduce more COD at the more periods of time. At the content of waste water 50% shown that the more using time for absorbing the color the quality of absorbing become lower (10 15 and 20 Pt-Co) but it became more reduce COD while the absorbing the color at the content of waste water 100% found that when used the more time quality of absorbing the color became lower (25 30 and 35) while the quality of reducing the COD became increase. The charcoal at the content of wastewater 10% its’ absorbing color was 5 Pt-Co at the all periods of time but the result of reducing the COD was increase: 4300 4000 and 3800 respectively. As the testing the content of waste water at 50% shown that the more using the time its’ quality of absorbing the color became lower while the quality of reducing the COD became decrease: 7330 6500 and 6030 respectively. As studying the content of waste water 100% found that the more using the time for treatment the waste water its’ quality became decrease but it could more reduced COD. The comparison between the activated carbon from bagasse and the charcoal shown that the activated carbon from bagasse can absorb the color better than the charcoal at 0.25 Pt-Co and could more reduce COD than the charcoal 43.5 % by average at the content of waste water 10%. While the waste water 50% the activated carbon from bagasse could more absorb the color than the charcoal at 55% and can more reduced the COD than the charcoal 19.34% averagely. For the content of waste water 100 % the activate carbon from bagasse could more absorb the color than the charcoal at 54.17% and reduced the COD 7.83% by averaging.