The objective of this research is to propose a new way to fabricate a composite material for future bone replacement development via growing apatite crystal on silk fibroin fiber. Apatite crystallization on silk fibroin fiber was prepared by precipitation reaction between Ca(NO3)2 solution and (NH4)2HPO4 solution adjusted pH by NH4OH solution. In this work Effect of solution concentration and initial pH values was investigated on apatite crystals. Chicken eggshells were used as calcium source by heating sufficiently powdered eggshells at 1300 °C for 4 h to acquire CaO powders made Ca(NO3)2 solution by dissolving in 65% HNO3 solution. Prepared Ca(NO3)2 solutions were adjusted concentration as 3 levels and were adjusted different pH values of 7 8 and 9 respectively. For processing of apatite crystallization silk fibroin fibers were immersed in Ca(NO3)2 solutions for 30 min. After that (NH4)2HPO4 solutions were added in silk fibroin fibers immersed in Ca(NO3)2 solutions. Reaction time was fixed about 1 min before cleaning to remove impurity precipitates on surface of silk fibroin fiber. Finally apatite crystallization on silk fibroin fibers occurred. The obtained result can conclude morphologies of apatite crystals on silk fibroin fibers was sheets sphere and flower. Solution concentrations and initial pH values directly influenced on Ca/P ratio of obtained apatite crystals by Ca/P ratio increases as increased solution concentrations or increased pH values. Finally research silk fibroin fibers were woven as two patterns of plain weave and twill weave and they were investigated Young’s modulus and tensile strength. The result indicates that Young’s modulus of silk fibroin fiber sheets woven as twill weave and as plain weave were about 616 MPa and 425 Mpa and tensile strengths of them weave were about 40 Mpa and 72 Mpa respectively. The optimum condition of growing apatite crystals on silk fibroin fibers was sample of CP19. Design of silk fibroin fiber with plain weave was an optimum pattern for future biomedical applicaions.

This research study the mechanical properties of concrete mixed with reused ceramic tiles reinforced with steel fiber from milling processed. The compressive strength of all concretes were designed at 300 ksc at 28 days and control slump in the range of 10 ? 2.5 cm. The steel fiber from milling processed was reinforced at 0.50 1.00 and 1.50 by the weight of cement content. The compressive strength Flexural and tensile splitting for all concrete samples were tested compare with control concrete which it as concrete mixed with reused ceramic tiles not reinforced with steel fiber. The results shown that the reinforcing with steel fiber from milling process at 0.5 and 1.0% was affect to the higher compressive strength than control concrete of 2 and 7% but increasing steel fiber at 1.5% was affect to lower compressive strength than control concrete of 6%. Concrete mixed with steel fiber from milling processed at 1.0% have higher splitting tensile strength than control concrete of 16% while concrete mixed with steel fiber at 0.5 and 1.5% have splitting tensile strength equal with control concrete. The flexural strength of these concretes have higher more than control concrete about 9 17 and 11% for reinforcing with steel fiber at 0.50 1.00 and 1.50 respectively. In addition the water permeability of concretes were increased when the steel fiber were reinforced increases too.

The study. Utilization coconut fiber added in Kha Nom Tong Muan. Aims to study the amount of coconut fiber in the production of Kha Nom Tong Muan .The total amount of coconut fiber production level of 3% as the best recipe Kha Nom Tong Muan. Recognized in terms of appearance color sweet taste crispness overall liking by a mean of 8.20 8.03 8.06 8.20 and 8.16 order. The differences were statistically significant (p ? 0.05). Shelf life of coconut fiber added Thong Muan at 5 weeks Kha Nom Tong Muan packed in a Freud bag and then put the paper kept at room temperature. The random quality checks every week. This suggests that coconut fiber in Kha Nom Tong Muan products is safe for the consumer. And to study the consumer acceptance of food products with coconut fiber added in Kha Nom Tong Muan. Questionnaires were used of 100 consumers who were accidental. The satisfaction of the Kha Nom Tong Muanproducts Appearance. Sweet taste coconut fiber smell crispness and feel left behind. The analysis of coconut fiber added in Kha Nom Tong Muan filled has satisfaction level in this medium to get 71 percent.

Biodegradable polymer blend fibers were prepared by melt spinning technique. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were blended in a twin screw extruder at various contents of PBS at 0-50 wt%. PLA/PBS blends were melt spun using a single screw extruder equipped with multifilaments spinnerette. The effect of PBS contents on morphology thermal properties and mechanical performance of PLA/PBS blend fiber was investigated. SEM micrographs indicated that the addition of PBS at 10 wt% showed miscibility of PLA/PBS blends while the other contents of PBS exhibited phase separation of the blends. The incorporation of PBS affected on the declination of crystallinity in the blends. It can be noted that the addition of PBS could enhance the elasticity of PLA/PBS blend fibers.

This research aims to study the application of coconut meal corncob and durian peel as wood-substituted biocomposites in medium density fiberboard. The fiber: urea formaldehyde glue: isocyanate glue with polymeric diphenymethane diisocyanate type (pMDI) ratio is equal to 1: 0.13: 0.003. The fibers are taken from coconut meal corncob and durian peel that 7 ratios are used to all of fiber mixing. The fiberboard production use 130?C of temperature with 20 – 50 kg/sq.cm of compressive pressure with 8 minutes per piece of rate. Their fiberboards have 603 – 856 kg/m of density that was tested follow the TIS 876-2547 standard. Resulting the MM33 ratio (coconut meal fibers: corncob fibers: durian peel fibers is equal to 0.33: 0.33: 0.33) and the CC50 ratio (coconut meal fibers: corncob fibers: durian peel fibers is equal to 0.50: 0.25: 0.25) can pass the standard in physical properties and mechanical properties. Moreover their fiberboards have good thermal insulation