Traditional charcoal burning of rural people used husk kiln which had to use big piece of wood and get low quality charcoal. The objectives of this technology transfer were to provide training about 200 liters charcoal kiln invention and teach charcoal burning technique to villager in Tongfa district amphur Bantak Tak province. In the project materials that were used to build the kiln were given to 30 people in the village. The project had been separated in three phases preparing training and project evaluation. In training phase the villager was divided in 5 groups and all group used branches of eucalyptus that had the same sizes. The results of practical training were found that the best group got charcoal 0.75 sack and eucalyptus vinegar 2.3 liters by using 7.33 hours. After training questionnaire was used to evaluate satisfaction of participants. The statistical analysis results showed that Mean (x#) was 4.69. In the part of the success of the project it was found that found that participant could apply the khowledge the most. 58.06% of participant increased income 1001-2000 baht per month.

The purpose of this research is to determine the optimal factors existing in the aluminum riveting process. First a 25 full-factorial design was used to screen five factors and two levels by selecting a lapping-joint method using only one rivet which exhibited significant riveting shear. The five riveting parameters used were press force 5000 and 8000 newtons a thickness of material of 2.5 and 4mm a size of hole of 4.7 and 5.2 mm over long rivets of 4.7 and 5.2 mm and press times of 5 and 15 seconds. There were three parameter levels: thickness of the metal (2.5 3.2 and 4.0 mm) size of the hole (2.5 3.2 and 4.0 mm) and size of the over-long rivet (4.5 5.6 and 6.7mm) then a Box-Behnken design was used in order to analyze the data and find the optimization point. The experiment found that a standard rivet has a shear strength resistance of 1113.30 newtons. The study methodology was to prepare the riveting specimens use by selecting a lapping joint per one rivet to test the mechanical quality and shear. The results of the experiment show that the optimal conditions (to a statistically significant degree) were to use a 5.2 mm hole a 2.8 mm level of thickness and a 6.3 mm over-long rivet. The optimal point for the shear test was 1417.55 newtons and an over-shear strength of 303 newtons could be increased by 27.32 percent.

The aim of this research is to paint silk fabric with batik technique using five natural dyes from margosa bark lac mango leaves marigold and otaheite gooseberry bark. The pre-mordant and after-mordant techniques were used in this work. Ten mordants Aluminum potassium sulphate Copper (II) sulphate Sodium dichromate Tannic acid Tartaric acid Tin (II) chloride and Calcium acetate-monohydrate were applied. The batik fabrics were characterized in color strength rubbing fastness washing fastness light fastness and stiffness. The result indicated that silk fabric painted with natural dye from margosa bark could use all 10 mordants to improve color strength and gave various shades of color. The silk fabric painted with natural dye from lac could not use all 10 mordants to improve color strength but it gave various shade. The silk fabric painted with natural dye from mango leaves marigold and otaheite gooseberry bark showed that almost 10 mordants gave higher color strength and various shade. The mordanting technique would give good fastness and reduce the stiffness of batik fabric.

This thesis emphasizes the improvement approaches of quality on digital data to be more sharpness by two- dimensional technique. Today the availability from the improvement of Digital Image Processing is used widely in various occupations such as medical field with reading the results from CT scanning military field with the improvement of aerial map for country prevention agricultural field with leaf analysis of its disease and the educational field with the image processing and robot vision to increase its effective learning and remembering development. It can be seen that the image development through its sharpness is really crucial therefore this thesis used the Gray Scale for transforming by two-dimensional wavelet and LL Band got from this wavelet transform to be improved by histogram technique. The histogram was divided into 4 parts based on its cumulative density at 0.25 0.5 0.75 and 1 then smoothed the data by separation after that brought the results to invert wavelet which gives the new image through improved LL band. The research result revealed that the mean of the Absolute Mean Brightness Error (AMBE) was decreased while enable the image sharpness to suitably increase 80%.

This paper presents the experimental results of the oil extraction process from wild almond seeds by mechanical and chemical methods. The optimum conditions for the biodiesel production from the extracted oil via transesterification reaction using methanol and potassium hydroxide (KOH) are reported. Chemical extraction was found to be an effective technique for wild almond oil extraction. Simple distillation was used as oil extraction unit applying 140 ml of n-hexane as solvent at 70ºC for 20 min. The oil yield was 43.11±0.98%. This extracted oil was used as raw material for biodiesel production with the maximum yield of 83.20±1.11%. The optimum conditions for biodiesel production were the catalyst loading of 0.5 wt% and 9:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil in a controlled reaction temperature of 70ºC for 60 min. Finally the properties of biodiesel were analyzed and most properties met the requirements of the department of energy business standard.