The objectives of the study were to find the survival probabilities the hazard rates of dropping out of the technical diploma level students at Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon North Bangkok Campus and the factors influencing on the hazard rates of students dropout. The sample was the students enrolling in the university in 2005. The study found that for the first semester the survival probabilities of students in all divisions were high ranging from 0.9210 to 1.00. For the second semester the survival probabilities of students in all divisions ranged from 0.7820 to 0.8815 except Industrial Technology which had a maximum value of 0.9295 and Metal Technology which had a minimum value of 0.6271. For the third and the fourth semester there were 6 divisions which had survival probabilities ranging from 0.7142 to 0.7971. They were Tool and Die Making Computer Technology Electrical Technology Electronics Automatic Machine and Production design. There were 4 divisions which had survival probabilities ranging from 0.8275 to 0.8732. They were Mechanical Tool Technology Business Computer Mechanical Power and Industrial Technology. The division of Metal Technology had the minimum value of 0.5932. For the first semester the hazard rates of dropping of students in all divisions were low ranging from 0.00 to 0.0822. For the second semester the hazard rates of dropping of students in all divisions ranged from 0.1260 to 0.2458 except Industrial Technology which had a minimum value of 0.0730 and Metal Technology which had a maximum value of 0.5221. For the third and the fourth semester the hazard rates of dropping of students in all divisions ranged from 0.1355 to 0.2962 except Metal Technology which had the maximum value of 0.5932 and Tool and Die Making which had the value of 0.3364. The factors influencing on hazard rates of students dropout were place of previous school region of previous school and grade point average of previous school. The hazard rate of dropping of students graduating from schools in the central region (not including Bangkok Metropolitan Area) was 43.8% (0.562 times) less than the hazard rate of dropping of students graduating from schools in Bangkok Metropolitan Area. The hazard rate of dropping of students having grade point average of 3.10-3.50 and 3.51-4.00 from previous school was 43.1% (0.569 times) and 63.7% (0.377 times) less than the hazard rate of dropping of students having grade point average of 2.00-2.50 respectively.

In this research we will study an algebraic structure d-algebras. Then we establish an algorithm to check any sets in d-algebras if they are ideals or T-fuzzy d-ideals. Moreover we investigate some related properties in d-algebras.

This research aims to 1) study current conditions trends in change management transformational leadership and service innovation in the future for hotel business survival in Southern Andaman provinces and 2) present survival model of hotel business in Southern Andaman provinces. The research methodology used in the study was Qualitative research by using the Delphi technique with 19 experts and added with quantitative research which the sample was 400 Thai consumers. The research results revealed that the current conditions of the hotel business in Southern Andaman provinces in the past most of the consumers were foreigners but from the effects of the epidemic causing change in consumer behavior. At present and in the future there will be more Thai consumers. Therefore business owners need to plan to support on Thai tourists by focus on natural attractions and increase in safety measures from the epidemic. Transformational leadership would focus on inspiration motivation. Service innovation in the future would focus on marketing innovation and reduce exposure. Survival model of hotel business in Southern Andaman provinces consist of 1) competitiveness 2) adaptability and 3) efficiency. Survival model of hotel business in Southern Andaman provinces checked by index of congruence (IOC) by 5 experts and found that index of congruence was greater than 0.50.

This research aims to study causal factors affecting the performance of the Thai fruit wholesaling. The objectives were to 1) study the level of focus on entrepreneurial orientation value creation service innovation and business performance of Thai fruit wholesalers in Talaad Thai Pathum Thani Province 2) to create and test the structural equation model of the entrepreneurial orientation value creation service innovation and business performance of Thai fruit wholesalers in Talaad Thai Pathum Thani Province 3) to study the direct effect and indirect effect of entrepreneurial orientation value creation and service innovation influencing the business performance of Thai fruit wholesalers in Talaad Thai Pathum Thani Province. The sample group used in this research consisted of 600 Thai fruit wholesalers in Talaad Thai Khlong Nueng Subdistrict Khlong Luang District Pathum Thani Province. The instrument used for the data collection was a questionnaire using accidental sampling. Descriptive statistics such as frequency percentage mean standard deviation and inferential statistics such as correlation coefficient (r) and structural equation model (SEM) were used to evaluate the data. The research results revealed that the elements of the entrepreneurial orientation factors value creation service innovation and business performance were on average at the highest level. When testing the relationship between every element in the entrepreneurial orientation factor value creation service innovation and the business performance were found to have a statistically significant relationship. In the analysis of the structural equation model (SEM) it was found that service innovation was directly influenced by entrepreneurial orientation with a statistical significance of 0.01 with a coefficient of 0.877 and 77 percent of causal variables were predicted. The business performance was directly influenced by an entrepreneurial orientation value creation and service innovation with 0.92 -0.49 and 0.49 respectively indirectly influenced by entrepreneurial orientation with -0.064. The highest total effect on entrepreneurial orientation was 0.880. The entrepreneurial orientation and service innovation had a significant impact on business performance at 0.01 and had predictive coefficients of 78% and 85% respectively.

The objectives of this research were to 1) select a basic cereal formula suitable for milk production from cereals. 2) Study the appropriate amount of sugar used in the development of panna cotta formula from cereal milk. 3) Study the appropriate amount of sweetener (erythritol) in the Phuket pineapple sauce recipe. 4) Study the proper ratio of Phuket pineapple sauce for topping on cereal milk panna cotta. 5) Study the nutritional value of panna cotta Topped with Phuket pineapple sauce. The sensory quality was assessed using a 9-point liking score (9 - Point Hedonic Scale) tasting method. It was found that 1) the tasters accepted the grain ingredients used in the production of cereal milk formula containing 500 g of corn. and millet soybean mung bean black bean red bean and white bean using the same amount of 50 g of each type. 2) The tasters accepted the ratio of 10% sugar to the ingredients in the cereal milk panna cotta recipe. 3) The tasters recognized the use of 6% erythritol of pineapple in the Phuket pineapple sauce recipe. 4) The tasters recognized the ratio of Phuket pineapple sauce in the cereal milk panna cotta recipe of 1: 2 or the amount of 10g of sauce for topping 20g of panna cotta per cup. The scores of liking for appearance color smell taste texture and overall liking were 8.2 8.07 7.77 8.27 8.00 and 8.30 respectively which were in a high level of liking. 5) The nutritional value of basic panna cotta panna cotta from cereal milk formula and panna cotta from cereal milk with Phuket pineapple sauce formula had protein content of 3.17% 2.54% and 2.79 % respectively. Carbohydrates were found to be 27.44% 16.03% and 21.63% respectively. Fat content were 8.17% 0.44% and 0.27% respectively and fiber were 0.00% 0.55% and 0.71% respectively. Therefore cereal milk panna cotta topped with Phuket pineapple sauce recipe is suitable for the health-conscious consumers due to its reduced fat content and in Phuket pineapple sauce using erythritol as a sweetener grammar the energy of nutrients. It is also suitable for consumers who are allergic to milk as it does not contain cows milk and also has good nutritional value.