According to the research entitled “the innovative engine prototype powered by diesel and LPG as fuel for agricultural” in 2019 the problems found while using the engine were as follows: the accumulated heat in the auxiliary combustion chamber reached 300 C in case of gasoline engine use and a lot of black smoke in the exhaust was found at the speed higher than 1800 rpm in case of a diesel engine use. In order to extend the research and solve two foresaid problems the objectives of this study were 1) to develop an auxiliary combustion chamber for cooling 2) to develop a scalable gas-air mixing device and 3) to compare diesel and LPG consumption rates by modifying a small diesel engine Yanmar version TF120DI to install LPG fuel systems and ignition system. In addition a gas-air mixing device was modified while an auxiliary combustion chamber was developed to reduce the compression ratio to the same level as the gasoline engine for replacing the position of the original diesel fuel injector. This method could support LPG fueling only whose function was characterized by the function of a gasoline engine. The auxiliary combustion chamber could be removed and then installed a diesel injector to return using diesel fuel. From an experiment to compare the modified engine operating as a gasoline engine it was found that the temperature of the auxiliary combustion chamber and the temperature of the engine cylinder head of Honda GX160 were measured at the maximum speed of 182 C and 186 C respectively. It was found that carbon monoxide content was 0.41 % and 1315 ppm hydrocarbons. When used as a diesel engine it was found that the black smoke was exhausted at 1.5 % which was similar to the diesel engine before the modification. From the experiment of using the power engine for pumping water with an Irrigation propeller pump with the diameter of 8 inch at a constant engine speed of 1000 rpm it was found that the average diesel usage was 0.65 kg/hr or about 0.77 L/hr with the cost of 21.00 Baht/hr and if using LPG as fuel the average LPG consumption was 0.57 kg/hr with the cost of 13.71 Baht/hr which could save up to 34.71 % of costs.

The purposes of this quantitative research are (1) to study factors affect the digital-era job performance of accountants; (2) to study the use of technology in accounting work and the satisfaction of accountants by applying appropriate tools and technology and; to study the digital-era professional competence of accountants. The research instrument is a questionnaire which was used to collect data from accounting managers of the listed and non-listed companies approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission; auditing firms; and accounting firms in 2020. The results reveal 33 variables consisting of five components which are (1) professional development (2) technical competence (3) employee engagement (4) organizational and communication and (5) professional attitudes and ethics. Objective one all five components were analyzed by the multiple regression analysis to find the correlation with the variables of digital-era job performance of professional accountants (p < 0.05). The results show positive relationship of (1) professional development; (2) the technical competence; (3) the employee engagement; (4) the organizational and communication and; (5) the professional attitudes and ethics to high digital-era job performance of accountants (p < 0.05). In addition the most accounting managers have a high level of satisfaction by adopting tools and technology. Finally they have a high expectation of professional competencies in the technical competence; the professional attitudes and ethics; the professional skill interpersonal and communication and organizational.

Develop a prototype of the smart bin for supporting solid waste management at the source. The objective is to develop the functionality of the smart bin to meet the requirements of users. A body design of the smart bin prototype made from plastic with a lid size 25 cm. x 36 cm. x 48 cm. the total volume of the smart bin was 31.5 kg and using ARM STM32F4 series micro controller to control the functions of the smart bin. There is a sensor to measure the temperature and humidity. Ultrasonic level sensor Infrared distance measuring sensor and weight sensor with load cell data display controlling the opening and closing of the smart bin by servo motor. A Smart bin prototype can show the amount of waste. Moreover the level of waste and the weight of the waste inside were showed. The smart bin was showed relative temperature and humidity values inside a bin. The optimum distance to the reflective object of the sensor for opening and closing the smart bin was in the range of 20-50 cm. The Smart bin lid provided approximately 7-9 seconds to maintain the status to lid open representing an average time of 7.4±0.9 seconds. This research will help promote waste management at the source and effectively benefits to solve the problem of waste accumulation in place.

This research aims to 1) analyze the SMEs 4.0 market management factors for Thai clothing brands among generation Y 2) to study personal factors affecting the SMEs 4.0 market management for Thai clothing brands among generation Y and 3) to generate the SMEs 4.0 market management model for Thai clothing brands among generation Y. This study uses qualitative and quantitative research methods. In-depth interviews served as a qualitative data collection methodology. Seventeen participants were grouped into experts stores managers and specialist contemporary Thai clothing brands. For the quantitative data collection methodology the researcher used questionnaires with a specific group of 430 Generation Y male and female participants who used to purchase or frequently purchase Thai clothing brands. To analyze data percentage mean and multiple classification analysis with a statistically significant level at 0.05 the researcher used G*power. Furthermore it was analyzed if the results were consistent with the qualitative data. The research results show that market management factors significantly relate to Thai clothing brand customers’ purchasing behaviors. These factors include purchasing rationale factor purchasing motivation factor brand management factor and demand management factor. The research findings link to the best practices in the market management model both online and offline markets and sustainable development in 5.0 society including 1) a rapid technology replacement 2) adding creative value to the society 3) natural harmonization management and 4) sustainable development.

The objective of this research is to study the development of eco cars using power-cutting mechanism technique of Transmission System. Two eco cars had been studied. The first car was conducted with the aim of developing transmission system and clutch system by changing from gear drive transmission system and chain drive mechanical clutch to belt and pulley transmission system by new designing the belt and pulley transmission system to have propeller shaft as the device to transmit power from the right to the left side with bearings to help reduce friction. Pulley system and clutch lever were installed in which the newly built clutch can be controlled by driver. The new model of transmission system is weight 0.7 kg which is lighter than the previous weight of 0.8 kg. Based on the first testing by participating in the 22nd Honda Eco Mileage Challenge at Chang International Circuit it was found that the system with belt tension at 1 kN resulted in good performance of transmission system and clutch system with fuel efficiency value at 626.157 km/L. After that the belt tension was adjusted and set up at 1.1 kN for 3 tests at Solar Track Thailand and it was found that the maximum fuel efficiency value was 1061.18 km/L at the speed of 34 km/hr. The second car was improved in transmission system suspension system steering system and also engine. The first trial was experimented on the 22nd racing event at the Chang International Circuit where this fuel efficient prototype car could run at 18 km. The result showed that it could have good mileage which was 275 km/L. After improvement the car was tested again for three times at the Solar Track Thailand circuit where it ran at 16 kilometers. The result revealed that the best saving was equivalent to 613 km/L at the speed of 30.6 km/hr.