This research aimed to study the production of a biodegradable film from Jicama starch (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urbar) for plant bag application. The film was prepared by dissolving Jicama starch in water to the concentration of 5 wt%. To study the effect of the glycerol content the glycerol was added at 6 levels; 0 10 20 30 40 50 and 60 wt%. The film was casted in a molded and dried at 60 oC for 24 h. After drying properties of films; thickness water activity (aw) solubility tensile strength (TS) elongation (%E) puncture strength and the degradation of the films were evaluated. The thickness of the films was in the range of 0.16-0.28 mm. The aw of films ranged from 0.36-0.49. The water vapor permeability water solubility and flexibility of the film increased with the increasing of glycerol content. Tensile and puncture strength of the starch films tended to increased when the glycerol content decrease. After the films were buried under the ground (8-10 cm depth) for 12 weeks they were degraded by 100%. The Jicama starch film with 40 wt% glycerol showed the best overall properties.

In this research scaffolds of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and zinc nickel ferrite (ZnxNi1-xFe2O4) were simply fabricated via the uniaxial pressing together with pressureless sintering which can be tailored for specific applications. The morphology of ZnxNi1-xFe2O4/β-TCP scaffolds with all formulas obtained from the SEM result revealed the larger grains the higher porosity and higher interconnectivity with increasing of ZnxNi1-xFe2O4 amount in β-TCP matrix. The high porous structure of the composite scaffold provided high surface area for cell attachment indicative of good cell growth and differentiation. Biological in vitro test using direct contact method with human cells revealed that the composite scaffold of β-TCP and Zn0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 with all ratios induced the higher growth of Human osteoblast cells and the better cell spreading on surface of specimens

In this work fiber mat based on silk sericin and thunbergia laurifolia linn extract was developed via electrospinning technique for wound dressing application. The waste cocoons were selected from Nakhon Ratchasima 1 (K1) with appropriate spicy for extracting the silk sericin protein. Trunk of thunbergia laurifolia linn was selected for preparing thunbergia laurifolia linn extract. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with several concentrations were chose and fabricated to fibers by electrospinning technique to investigate suitable polymer concentration for mixing silk sericin and thunbergia laurifolia linn extract. The result revealed that PVA of 9 wt % was suitable due to Several parameters were investigated to prepare the electrospun fiber of silk sericin and thunbergia laurifolia linn extract such as their mixing ratio voltage the distance between the needle and the substrate and the needle size. The results indicated that mixing ratio of silk sericin and thunbergia laurifolia linn extract at 50:50 (w/w) voltage of 15 kV the distance of the needle and the substrate at 8 cm and the needle size of 18 were optimum condition for the fabrication of electrospun fiber with diameter of 100-200 nm and that with smooth and continue feature.

In this work the objective is to develop the bilayer structure consisting of hydroxyapatite-alumina (HAp-Al2O3) layer and 3 mol% yttria tetragonal zirconia (TZ-3Y) layer using conventional technique consisting of the simple pressing together with pressureless sintering. In order to obtain the desired characteristics of bilayer structure layer thickness cosintering temperature and Al2O3 addition on successful fabrication of HAp-Al2O3/TZ-3Y bilayer structure are investigated. The results indicated that the HAp-10A/TZ-3Y bilayer structure was successfully fabricated by single-end die pressing the powders in hollow cylindrical graphite die under 60 MPa pressure and further wet-bag isostatically pressing in oil to 300 MPa pressure before sintering at 1200 ˚C for 1 h. It is found that an addition of 10 vol% Al2O3 into the HAp outerlayer is the essential condition to effectively suppress the differences in densification and coefficient of thermal expansion of the two layers during cosintering at 1200 oC for 1 h. The obtained HAp-10A/TZ-3Y bilayered disc has diameter of 21.0 mm HAp-10A outerlayer of 4.5 mm thick and TZ-3Y underlayer of 2.5 mm thick. The XRD pattern of the powders crushed from its HAp-10A outerlayer revealed no transformation into other new phases demonstrating that there is no reaction between HAp and Al2O3 during sintering at 1200˚C. The cross-section morphology of HAp-10A/TZ-3Y bilayered composite obtained from the SEM result revealed the porous structure with good interconnectivity. The high porous structure of the bilayered composite provided high surface area for cell attachment indicative of good cell growth and differentiation. The primary grain sizes of HAp-10A outerlayer and TZ-3Y underlayer were in the range of 1-3 um and 100-500 nm respectively. The hardness of HAp-10A layer and /TZ-3Y layer in bilayer structure varied with different layer thicknesses. Accordingly the results presented in this work demonstrated that the HAp-10A/TZ–3Y bilayered composite fabricated by simple technique has thick HAp-Al2O3 outerlayer and strong interfacial bonding between interface layers which can be tailored for specific applications

The purposes of this research were : 1) to study of factors personal the Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University 2) to study food buying through online applications 3) to study factors of marketing mix towards buying food through online applications 4) To study the relationship between personal factors to buy food through online applications of the Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University and 5) to comparison of opinion toward marketing mix towards buying food through online applications by personal factors. The samples students are studying in high school of the Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University and never buy food through the applications online of 226. The instruments used in research questionnaires and interviews. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency percentage mean standard deviation Chi-square values and One Way ANOVA. The results showed that: 1) Most students were male 18 years of age by studying high school grade 6 and receive money from their parents for about 201-300 baht per day. 2) Most students purchased food Skootar by a full set this was why they had ordered food restaurants and a variety of food items in order was to feeding each paid 200 baht the students were ordering food when a new food product the purchase of food for every taste while students can be taken food delivered within 31-60 minutes and the most important in the fresh new foods. 3) Analysis of the data on the opinion toward was marketing mix towards buying food through online applications of the Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University found that overall; students have commented on the high level the first two items in order from most to least found the side with the highest mean score was the distribution the second was the price and the minimum personnel. 4) Relationships between personal factors as gender age education and the money received from parents to buy food through online applications of the Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University found that was relationship the statistical significance level. 05. 5) Comparison of opinion toward marketing mix towards were buying food through an online application by personal factors were found Gender age education The money received from parents of different. Levels opinion toward marketing mix used to purchase food through an online application not different the statistical significance level. 05.