A comparative study. The purpose was to study the costs and the cost of return. Comparative analysis of the difference between revenue and the cost of return breakeven Between brackish and salt water fish white snapper. This study used data from interviews with of 24 cases. The period 6% of Interest rate of study 5-year. - A study of the brackish cost per acre was 355127.00 baht Salt water 31556.34 baht cost was 850784.15 baht Salt water 788305.00 baht Income yield 1914250.00 baht. and Salt water 1908750.00 baht. the cost according to the net present value (NPV) were positive value equal 620881.68 baht Salt water 628974.65 baht and the internal rate of return (IRR) 16.95% Salt water 17.45 % with a payback period of 1 year 9 months 6 days Salt water 1year 8 months 4 days and the breakeven point is equal to 96529.25 baht Salt water 86643.80 Baht. - The salt water yield worthwhile than brackish water.

The purpose of this research is to estimate the affects of water content (27 37 and 47 % wet basis) cooking time (1 3 and 5 hr) at 110oC and germinating time (24 36 and 48 hr) on chemical composition structure and properties of germinated purple rice flour. A Box-Behnken design under the response surface methodology was performed to optimize their composition. Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Nan was research place. Results demonstrated that germinating time had no significantly effect on protein and lipid content but resulted in increasing crude fiber and decreasing carbohydrate and amylose content with increase in germinating time. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) revealed the presence of polyhedral shape and agglomerations. Birefringence was evidenced. Pasting properties of germinated purple rice flour showed an increase in the pasting temperature but a decrease the peak viscosity breakdown final viscosity and setback (p<0.05) as germinating time increased. Modified rice flour were increase in carbohydrate and amylose content and decrease in protein lipid ash and fiber as water content and cooking time at 110oC increased. Change in birefringence of starch granule after heating at 110oC was examined by a polarized light microscope. SEM showed the presence of creak surfaces and agglomerations. The swelling power of germinated purple rice flour decreased with increase in cooking time. The solubility at 85oC of germinated purple rice flour was increased in each level of water content.

This study evaluated the genetic diversity of two natural populations of Neolissochilus stracheyi in Nan River watershed Amphoe Bokluea (BK) and Amphoe Mae Jarim (MJ). We analyzed microsatellite markers originally developed for Tor tambroides (Nguten et al. 2009). Three out of five microsatellite loci analyzed were polymorphic . Genetic variation within BK and MJ populations were not different. The number of allele per locus and allelic richness averaged over three loci was 2.33 and 2.67 for BK and MJ respectively. Observed heterozygosity value was 0.50 and 0.56 and the average expected heterozygosity was 0.41 and 0.53 for BK and MJ respectively. In addition the two populations were genetically distinct (P<0.05) and geographic isolation of two locations may explain this genetic pattern.

The usage of wastewater from swine farm for agriculture have study on the production of three plants such as shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and ruzi grass (Bachiaria ruziziensis). The experiment was focusing on the growth production and metals accumulation (Pb Cu Fe Zn) in plant. The results shown that swine farm wastewater were a lot of organic substant and nutrient. The biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand were out of standard. The heavy metals lead zinc copper and iron were amount 0.106 0.218 0.082 และ 0.866 mg/kg respectively. The productivity of shallot and ruzi grass were high growing that treated by swine farm wastewater. The marigold production (flower size dry weight and fresh weight) treated by swine farm wastewater found that were not significant from the marigold production that treated by control water. The amount of lead in shallot ruzi grass and marigold flower were out of standard. The shallot and ruzi root found the amount of zinc out of standard. The amount of copper and iron were not out of standard all three plant.

The comparison of methodology from and -spectrometry methods has been made for freshwater sediment. The differences of precisions 18% and 15% were found for ? and -ray spectrometry respectively. Results from the analysis of certified reference materials (IAEA-326 327) showed good agreement with recommended values and data available in the literature. Thus an alternative methodology based on alpha/gamma activity ratio was developed and tested using different samples. The method is based on the determination of total -activity (46.53 keV peak associate with Pb-210) and the total -activity present in the aliquot. Differences between methods could be caused by different behaviors of Pb-210 and Po-210 (used for alpha measurement) in the freshwater sediment. In gamma spectrometry errors may arise when many gamma emitters are measured simultaneously and their activity peaks overlap. In alpha spectrometry chemical separation of Po-210 may result in analytical error due to incomplete sample dissolution. Pb-210 activities derived by alpha and gamma methods are shown to agree within counting error. The inherent compatibility of analytical results based on alpha or gamma techniques is established. Nevertheless the choice of an alternate method to determine the freshwater sediment criteria to time comfortable convenient and budget.