This paper presents the experimental results of the oil extraction process from wild almond seeds by mechanical and chemical methods. The optimum conditions for the biodiesel production from the extracted oil via transesterification reaction using methanol and potassium hydroxide (KOH) are reported. Chemical extraction was found to be an effective technique for wild almond oil extraction. Simple distillation was used as oil extraction unit applying 140 ml of n-hexane as solvent at 70ºC for 20 min. The oil yield was 43.11±0.98%. This extracted oil was used as raw material for biodiesel production with the maximum yield of 83.20±1.11%. The optimum conditions for biodiesel production were the catalyst loading of 0.5 wt% and 9:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil in a controlled reaction temperature of 70ºC for 60 min. Finally the properties of biodiesel were analyzed and most properties met the requirements of the department of energy business standard.

The diversity of soil microorganisms in mulberry root rot disease infesting fields was investigated from The Queen Sirikit Sericulture Center at Kanchanaburi Khon Kaen Sisaket and Ubon Ratchathani provinces. Isolation of the soil microorganisms was performed on four media as nutrient agar (NA) potato dextrose agar (PDA) rose bengal agar (RBG) and modified selective fusarium agar (SFA). Twenty-four bacterial isolates were arisen from NA including gram positive endospore forming rod gram negative rod gram positive cocci and Actinomycetes. Similarly 75 isolates of fungi were gained from PDA RBG and SFA and could be defined to be Aspergillus sp. Chaetomium sp. Curvularia sp. Fusarium sp. Penicillium sp. Phytophthora sp. and Rhizopus sp. by their morphological characteristics. Verification of the causal pathogen of mulberry root rot disease could be accomplished using specific primers for F. solani in which a DNA band at approximately 300 bp was revealed.

Metaheuristic optimization approach has become the new framework for control synthesis. The main purposed of the control design are input (command) tracking and load (disturbance) regulating. This research proposes an optimal proportional-derivative (PID) controller design for the brushless dc (BLDC) motor speed control system with input tracking and load regulating constrained optimization by using the cuckoo search (CuS) one of the most efficient population-based metaheuristic optimization techniques. The sum-squared error between population-based metaheuristic optimization techniques. The sum-squared error between the referent input and the controlled output is set as the objective function to be minimized. The rise time the maximum overshoot settling time and steady-state error are set as inequality constraints for tracking purpose while the regulating time and the maximum overshoot of load regulation are set as inequality constraints for regulating purpose. Results obtained by the CuS will be compared with those obtained by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA). From simulation results it was found that the parameters of CuS were optimal than both PSO and GA for BLDC motor speed control system satisfying the preset input tracking and load regulating constraints. In addition the simulation results are confirmed by the experimental ones from the BLDC motor speed control system developed in the laboratory.

The objective of this study 1) To study the shape of the template from the process of making basketry 2) To design a template hyacinth wicker products creative products 3) To test the woven pattern of water hyacinth wicker 4) To create a unique product that is more valuable to the local wisdom and value. Consumerism toward the development of water hyacinth wicker patterns. By specifying a sample group of 57 people. The tools used in the research consisted of the satisfaction questionnaire on the template pattern water hyacinth weave basketry to local creative concept product. The results of the design of the water hyacinth wicker pattern design to the product of local identity concept found that the design shape can be a shape that has a concept as a creative product. Form 1 wicker-shaped pattern template from water hyacinth leaves The product is a chair with an average of 4.58 Form 2 template oval shaped wicker basket shape. The product was a basket of legs with an average of 4.48 Form 3 basket shaped shape from the bowl shape the product received the basket has a value of 4.22. All 3 forms that can be developed in the form of products that can satisfy level most satisfactory shape is the molds for Basketry 1. The product is a chair that is beautiful the proportion of products is suitable for use and strong products are local and creative in the process of water hyacinth wicker requires a template for forming. The original material used to make the wicker template is plywood or foam material. During the study phase the researcher invented the material for making water hyacinth woven basket template using rubber water mixed with plastic watercolor foamed foam templates are used for easy handling and longer durability.

This research is studying of an electric field combine with a frying process in a Chinese water chestnut product for reducing oil absorb. An electric field that is used in an experiment will have a stress from 1-3 kV/cm. This will be generated by using a direct current high Voltage from 1066 to 3200 V. which is distributed to an electrode in an uniform and non-uniform of an electric field. This will have a dielectric barrier discharge. There is an analysis for finding a relationship of a moisture on absorbing oil of a Chinese water chestnut fried product due to a moisture has an effect on absorbing oil directly. From an experimental result this is found that the best electric field stress which will have an effect on reducing a moisture of a Chinese water chestnut is an non-uniform electric field form that is created from a direct current high voltage at 3200 V. and this will have an electric field stress at 3 kV/cm. This will have an average of a difference of a moisture at 0.6 g. This will select to use a direct current non-uniform electric field at 3 kV/cm. In an experiment combine with a fried process in a Chinese water chestnuts fried product this is done for reducing of absorbing oil. By this will fry at the temperature of 180๐C for 5 minutes. This is found that this can reduce an absorbing of oil best at 17.93% when this has compared to a Chinese water chestnuts fried that hasn’t passed an electric field.