This research presents the engineering properties of asphalt (AC 60/70) modified with different ratios of scrap natural rubber. Then select the best properties of the binder to mix asphaltic concrete. From laboratory testing results with adding 7% scrap natural rubber into mixtures for the best results. The properties of asphaltic concrete can be improved by adding 7% scrap natural rubber. For asphaltic concrete Marshall Stability increased with adding scrap natural rubber into asphalt. Moreover the stiffness modulus of asphaltic concrete can be improved 13.53 compared to AC 60/70.

In this work the objective is to develop the bilayer structure consisting of hydroxyapatite-alumina (HAp-Al2O3) layer and 3 mol% yttria tetragonal zirconia (TZ-3Y) layer using conventional technique consisting of the simple pressing together with pressureless sintering. In order to obtain the desired characteristics of bilayer structure layer thickness cosintering temperature and Al2O3 addition on successful fabrication of HAp-Al2O3/TZ-3Y bilayer structure are investigated. The results indicated that the HAp-10A/TZ-3Y bilayer structure was successfully fabricated by single-end die pressing the powders in hollow cylindrical graphite die under 60 MPa pressure and further wet-bag isostatically pressing in oil to 300 MPa pressure before sintering at 1200 ˚C for 1 h. It is found that an addition of 10 vol% Al2O3 into the HAp outerlayer is the essential condition to effectively suppress the differences in densification and coefficient of thermal expansion of the two layers during cosintering at 1200 oC for 1 h. The obtained HAp-10A/TZ-3Y bilayered disc has diameter of 21.0 mm HAp-10A outerlayer of 4.5 mm thick and TZ-3Y underlayer of 2.5 mm thick. The XRD pattern of the powders crushed from its HAp-10A outerlayer revealed no transformation into other new phases demonstrating that there is no reaction between HAp and Al2O3 during sintering at 1200˚C. The cross-section morphology of HAp-10A/TZ-3Y bilayered composite obtained from the SEM result revealed the porous structure with good interconnectivity. The high porous structure of the bilayered composite provided high surface area for cell attachment indicative of good cell growth and differentiation. The primary grain sizes of HAp-10A outerlayer and TZ-3Y underlayer were in the range of 1-3 um and 100-500 nm respectively. The hardness of HAp-10A layer and /TZ-3Y layer in bilayer structure varied with different layer thicknesses. Accordingly the results presented in this work demonstrated that the HAp-10A/TZ–3Y bilayered composite fabricated by simple technique has thick HAp-Al2O3 outerlayer and strong interfacial bonding between interface layers which can be tailored for specific applications

This quantitative research aimed to promote 360 degree virtual Reality tourism of Ko Pha Ngan Surat Thani province. The research is presented virtual reality 360 degree with moving the camera 360 degree and still the camera to study the satisfaction of tourists to 360 degree virtual reality tourism media. The informants were male and female tourists who have never travelled to Koh Phangan between the ages of 15 - 45 years and living in Bangkok 400 people. The data were collected by using quantitative research. The sorting data collection search from documents study of the results of promoting tourism in Koh Phangan by using Virtual Reality to collect data and using tools such as structured interviews and surveys.

This research work was to study the improvement of toughness of polylactic acid (PLA) and the cost reduction of raw material with addition of untreated and treated oil palm fiber (OPF). The detail of this work was divided into two parts. The first was to find the suitable condition for surface treatment of OPF with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The second part was to study the effect of untreated and treated OPF contents on the mechanical properties of PLA. For surface treatment of OPF NaOH concentrations and immersion times were varied from 0 to 15 wt% and 0 to 30 min respectively. Aspect ratio (L/D) and surface of untreated and treated OPF were investigated by using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively. The result suggested that the most suitable condition for surface treatment of OPF was NaOH concentration of 10 wt% at immersion time of 20 min. Treated OPF was occurred microporous and had more rough as compare to untreated fiber. For the effect of untreated and treated OPF contents on the mechanical properties of PLA it was evaluated by tensile and impact testing. SEM was used for investigation of interfacial adhesion and fiber dispersion. The results showed that tensile modulus and impact strength tend to increase with adding 2.5 wt% OPF content and slightly changed at higher OPF content whereas ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing fiber content. Surface treatment with NaOH led to enhancement of mechanical properties of composite due to improve interfacial adhesion and fiber dispersion.

The purpose of this project is analyze to the transparency and mechanical properties of lithium disilicate for dental application. Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic were synthesised by using melting technique in SiO2-Li2O-Al2O3-K2O -P2O5 glass system and heated treatment samples at the crystallization temperature of that glass. The Differential thermal analysis: DTA X-ray diffraction: XRD were used analysis on thermal properties phase formation. Moreoven density Hardness were determined to evaluate the properties at physical and Mechanical respective by the X-ray diffraction showed that the glass-ceramic sample demonstrated the phase of Li2SiO3 Li2Si2O5 and SiO2 . The optimum of glass-ceramic. Sample were on faired with the sample heated 650°c first step and heated at 800°c for second step. That show the highest hardness valve at 755 HV