The hybrid materials of lead sulfide with montmorillonite were synthesized by a solid-solid reaction between lead-exchanged montmorillonite and sodium sulfide at ambient condition. The hybrids were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA).The basal spacing of heat-treated lead sulfide-montmorillonite-sodium sulfide (200oC) was 1.20 nm. The formation of lead sulfide in the hybrid confirmed by the non-resolved absorption band and absorption onset at 328 and 508 nm respectively for heat-treated lead sulfide-montmorillonite-sodium sulfide. The dramatic blue-shifted in the absorption onset relative to that of bulk was observed.The heat treated lead sulfide-montmorillonite-sodium sulfide showed an emission peak at 367 nm. The removal of adsorbed water resulted in the increasing intensity of the hybrid.

The purposes of the research were to create and efficiency validation of computer assisted for the courses of practiced to cutting sheet metals based standard 90 / 90 and analyse the leaning achievement of the student after by using computer assisted instruction. The subjects in the study were 17 first year diploma students enrolled in Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon. The Researcher using the experiment by let the students do until test before class And then study by using computer assisted instruction focused on practiced to basic turning. After that let students do the unit test again at the class and calculate to find out the efficiency of the computer assisted instruction and analyse the leaning achievement of students after study. The research result revealed that the efficiency of the computer assisted Instruction was efficient in standard 90 /90. Moreover. after learning achievement At significant level of 0.05