The objective of this study was to investigate the optimal formulation of mulberry fruit leather product when varying the weight ratio of mulberry fruit: water as 70:30 60:4050:50 40:60 and 30:70. Three factors were then determined by simplex centroid design; sugar (0-100% or 0-50 grams) citric acid (0-100% or 0-5 grams) and pectin (0-100% or 0-3 grams) which the sum of them equivalent to 100% while other ingredients remained constant. Analysis of the data was performed using ANOVA and Mixture Response Surface Models. The results indicated that the highest adhesiveness force and gumminess of mulberry fruit leather product were founded when the weight ratio of mulberry fruit to water was 70:30. The amount of sugar acid and pectin had effects on water activity (Aw) texture profile and sensory score of overall liking of product. From contour plot the predictive models were obtained by plottin g the contour line of all sensory attributes with acceptable score greater than 5.5 and thus the optimization area was selected. After overlapping contour plots an optimal formulation obtained was composed of 40-70% sugar 0-5% citric acid and 30-55% pectin. The sensory score of overall liking of product using a 9-point hedonic scale was 6.3. The water activity (Aw)adhesiveness force cohesiveness and gumminess of the prototype mulberry fruit leather product was 4.9 945.11 g. sec. 0.85 N and 452.12 N. respectively.

The objective of this research project is to transfer the knowledge and skills of making extirpative orchids from mulberry -pulp paper for decorating home or souvenir to the housewives of Department of Veterinary and the third agricultural division Department of Veterinary Thai Army and the interested people at Amphoe Mae Rim in Changwat Chaing MaL This project processes these activities as follow: 1. Studying basic data of designing and making orchids for many kinds of ornaments 2. Surveying the need to train from target population 3. Making the training course 4. Making prototypes for the training course 5. Preparing media and documents for this course 6. To train the target group and 7. To evaluate the training course and methodology. The sampled population of this process transferring the knowledge and skills of making extirpative orchids from mulberry -pulp paper includes the housewives of Department of Veterinary and the third agricultural division Department of Veterinary Thai Army and the interested people at Amphoe Mae Rim in Changwat Chaing Mai (88 adult persons sampling by completely random sampling method). Research instruments are the training course the questionnaire for evaluating the training course and the training procedures. Descriptive analyses (percentage and mean) are conducted to this work.The results of this work show that all of trainees are women (100%) age between 40 49 years (31.82%) and most of trainees were housewives (73.87%). Evaluation of the training course and methodology finds that objectives structures contents and activities of this course are more suitable level. The opinions about materials and documents using for this course and the training room are more and the most suitable level. The training procedures are the most suitable level. The assessment of expert (preparing to lecture the knowledge about contents of the course the skillful making of products. and ability to transfer the knowledge to answer the questions and to give advice) are the most suitable level. The comment from trainees is they continuously want to train courses that could actually bring back the knowledge and skills to do the occupation.