Defrosting at evaporator panel is one of working cycles in freezer. Power consumption in defrosting does not meet the objective of using freezer therefore the approach to decrease power consumption in defrosting is one strategy for energy saving. Normally the cycle of defrosting in freezer is a constant time that specify by referring to the highest humidity period. With this control concept the problem of temperature exchange is not occurred from ice accumulation at evaporator panel but it makes the over necessity of defrosting process in the low humidity season and cause the unnecessary power usage in freezer. This research presents the control approach for defrosting by using the difference of the temperature at evaporator and the temperature at chilling area. By using this approach the defrosting process is operated depend on load and the fan is on or off relate to defrosting time. Test results demonstrate that about 12% of power can be saved by this control approach when compared to constant time control.

This research is to study and develop natural pulp materials for packaging. This is the agricultural waste. To benefit commercially To build capacity and capability in economic development and environmental conservation Is the creation of packaging work Formed in sheets and shapes using natural materials such as mulberry paper pineapple paper. And banana paper Then design and create the packaging. To test the properties. According to the standard packaging. They also sought satisfaction in the form and use of natural pulp materials. Include the packaging according to the case study. Research indicates that When developing pulp quality The banana paper can not be printed. Can print lines. But screen printing is not suitable for banana paper. Foil printing case when mulberry paper and pineapple paper Foil printing Printing lines Can be done well on mulberry paper and pineapple paper. Death images can be printed on all three types of paper but the screen is not good. Sealing material from natural pulp onto corrugated paper. From the test it was found that the amount of adhesive that was suitable for sealing was between 20-30 mg. If the adhesive was less than 20 milligrams only mulberry paper was sealed. The amount of glue at 50 milligrams is the amount of glue is too high causing all three types of paper to rot. Because of the adsorption of glue to the pulp. Packaging material from natural pulp. Fold of banana paper that does not pass the test. The banana paper is high in strength. When folding the packaging causes the pulp to split along the crease. Can not be molded. Evaluation of the satisfaction with the form and use of packaging materials from natural pulp. It was found that the average value of paper pulp suitable for packaging materials from natural pulp was the most agreeable paper. Secondly paper shreds are very popular and the last one is banana paper. Moderate agreement

This research is a study of the Mekong Basin Craft. To develop new product models to increase commercial value. Study on handicrafts and the Mekong River Basin. To bring identity to the design of decorative products. Combined with the use of contemporary Thai art to help design to enhance the product. The study of home decor from the Mekong River Identity Model from Interviews with Design Experts Conclusion on the production and design of the model that the researcher has given the expert to determine whether it is appropriate. Researchers have adapted the style of home decoration. The manufacturer can actually model. A questionnaire on the style of home decoration 100 people which results as follows. Functional front Average 4.6 was the most comfortable. Average safety was 4.75. The average design was 4.7. Overall satisfaction was at the highest level.

This research was aimed to study the participation behaviors in the electrical energy saving the factors affected to the participation behaviors and the promotion of the participation behaviors in electrical energy saving of the undergraduate students of the Faculty of Science and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Phra NaKhon. The participants of 150 students from the Faculty of Science and Technology was also performed based on systematic sampling. The questionnaire was used. The statistical evaluation was also analyzed based on the percentage mean and standard deviation. A 85% of participants is male a range of age to be 19-20 years old (62.7%) second academic years by about 37.3% and a 65.3% of participants has been studying in the major of computer science. Knowledge levels in the electrical energy saving of the most participants are high (13.33%) moderate (62%) and low level (24.67%). The four participation behaviors in the electrical energy saving were analyzed including electrical lighting system air conditioner and ventilator system office electrical system and electrical equipment maintenances resulting in very high level with the average mean of 4.25 and standard deviation of .547. First the participation behavior in the electrical equipment maintenance was very high level with 4.31 and S.D.=.870. Second the participation behavior in the office electrical system was to be 4.27 with S.D.=.828. Third the participation behavior in the air conditioner and ventilator system was to be 4.21 with S.D.=.549. Finally the participation behavior in the electrical lighting system was very slow level with 4.21 and S.D.=.672. By comparing the participation behaviors in the electrical energy saving with the different of academic major of students the participation behaviors in the electrical energy saving did not significant different.

The objective of this work was to study the adsorption efficiency of bamboo and its surface modified with manganese oxide for removal of Pb(II) ion. The adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution onto bamboo (BB) and manganese oxide-modified bamboo powder (MnO-BB) was evaluated based on batch experiment. The adsorption efficiency of MnO-BB onto Pb(II) was investigated as a function of the initial pH of 6 equilibrium time of 30 min adsorbent concentration of 5 g/L and initial concentration of Pb(II) solution in the range of 50-500 mg/L. The adsorption isotherms of Langmuir Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich were used to describe the equilibrium isotherm. It is observed that the data from MnO-BB adsorbents fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of MnO-NC were estimated as 38.76 mg/g. By comparing with BB the amount of Pb(II) adsorbed onto MnO-BB was more than BB by about 40 times under the optimized adsorption condition. According to Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm the adsorptive mechanism of Pb(II) onto MnO-BB was chemisorption. The kinetic studies of Pb(II) demonstrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto MnO-BB adsorbent followed a pseudo second-order model with a good correlation. The adsorption mechanism was processed via chemical ion exchange between H+ and bonded MnO groups and Pb(II) ions in solution