The dyeing industry both of business size and household size where the remaining water from the dyeing process is dumped into pipes and flows into natural water sources causing sewage problems. Therefore a column type wastewater treatment system has been developed by using a filtration system along with an adsorption system. The materials used to treat the wastewater from dyeing are gravel sand charcoal from wood and activated carbon from coconut shell. The study was conducted on the synthesis activated carbon from coconut shell using for color and molecules adsorption. The amount of activated carbon from coconut shell was varied at 200 400 600 and 800 g applying with filter media and other adsorption materials taking 1 hour to treat the wastewater from dyeing. The parameter using to measure water quality consisted of color value pH suspended solids conductivity turbidity value COD and TKN to indicate the water quality before and after treatment evaluating the efficiency of the wastewater treatment system. The best ratio that can treat the color is the formula containing 800 g of coconut shell activated carbon. It was able to treat the color equal to 5.94 SU or 99.43 percent compared to the wastewater before treatment.

This is the study of a conductive sheath-core bicomponent fibers. The intentions of the experiments were to investigate feasibility of conductive sheath-core bicomponent fiber forming using selected materials and the fibers’ properties. The trails were to extrude the bicomponent fibers with conductive materials in sheath section and supporting materials in core section. The conductive carbon black was selected as conductive material to compound with polypropylene. The virgin polypropylene was chosen as core material in the fibers. It was problematic to form fibers using the conductive carbon black polypropylene compound alone therefore the virgin polypropylene was used as the core section in the fibers to promote production stability. The sheath-core carbon black compound bicomponent fibers were steadily produced with designated machine settings. The produced fibers were tested for their physical and mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. The results shows that the fibers with the carbon black polypropylene compound as the fibers’ sheath section and the virgin polypropylene as the fibers’ core section have conductive property. The conductivity of the fibers increased when their sheath sections were thicker as the ratio of the carbon black compound become higher. Even though thicker sheath section of the fibers (40% and over) have higher conductivity the physical properties of the fibers become weaken and less applicable as textile fibers.

This research aims to produce activated carbon from molasses via a chemical activation process with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and a microwave heating process which consumes less energy and provides more rapid and uniform heat distribution than a conventional heating. The obtained activated carbon was then characterized with BET SEM and FTIR. It exhibited a large specific surface area of 1631 m2/g and a total pore volume of 1.124 cm3/g consisting of mesopore and micropore. In addition the active functional groups were also found on the surface of the activated carbon. Thus it was brought for the adsorption test with methylene blue. It was found that the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon increased with time and reached the equilibrium within 8 hours. The adsorption data of the activated carbon were corresponded to Langmuir isotherm with the highest adsorption capacity of 370.37 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic of the activated carbon exhibited pseudo-second order reaction suggesting to the chemisorption phenomenon. From the thermodynamic study it revealed that the adsorption process were endothermic and spontaneous reactions.

Dyes contaminated in wastewater that negatively affecting the environment and human health. The objectives of this study to prepare activated carbon from Salacca zalacca (Sumalee) seeds activated by 36 mmol/g KOH dye solution and activated carbon ratio 20:32 ml/g for dye removal. The influents of dye removal from wastewater by Salacca zalacca (Sumalee) seeds activated carbon were investigated as initial dye concentration activated carbon and dye solution ratio and contraction time. The moisture content the iodine number the methylene blue index and the functional groups by FTIR technique of the Salacca zalacca (Sumalee) activated carbon were characterized and the kinetics adsorption were also analyzed. The results showed that the activated carbon was the microporous material the highest dye removal from wastewater was 7.50 ± 0.25 mg/g the equilibrium time was 150 min with the activated carbon to dye solution ratio of 1:500 g/ml for 200 mg/l initial concentration. The kinetics of the adsorption process can be described by a pseudo-second order model (R2 = 0.9999). When increasing the initial concentration of dyes the adsorption efficiency was increased. The amount of activated carbon increased resulting in lower adsorption efficiency and the equilibrium time was longer

The objective of this research is to construct a phased array device to be able to inspect all sizes of welded pipes and to study materials suitable for creating a phased array. The results obtained from testing both materials are PLA plastics carbon fiber. In order to obtain the force exerted on the material and the intensity of the force exerted on the same material it is found that the strength of the comparison between the two materials is different from the PLA plastic test. Of carbon fibers will be strong and lighter than plastic. Result from the test for Elastic In the impact and strength tests of both materials it can be used to examine pipes with a circumference of 50 centimeters to 100 centimeters and to use a 34 mm. length phased array probe with a width of 24.6 mm. 36 degrees angle and then adjust the strap as needed to reduce the steps during the use of inspection equipment.