In FinFET-based VLSI designs heat issues from increase of driving current with temperature and self-heating effect profoundly influence the circuit performance and reliability. This work evaluates the performance of FinFET-based combinational circuits considering BTI stress and thermal effect of supply voltage and frequency variations. The proposed simulation framework is applied to selected benchmark circuits implemented with the 14-nm tri-gate bulk FinFET technology. The experimental results reveal that as temperature increases BTI aging delay increasingly worsens yet it is overridden by performance gain from the increase in driving current. We also prove that BTI degradation is dependent on power supply and frequency through their thermal impacts. Further we introduce a DVFS based power reduction approach that scales down the supply voltage of hot circuits to maintain the performance. The results show that power reduction yielded from the proposed technique is larger for all circuits working at higher ambient temperature (as large as 66% in some experimental circuits working at 20 oC above the baseline ambient temperature) with a slight decrease in BTI degradation.

The purposes of this study were to investigate the component and competency model for learning in digital technology of the elderly in Bangkok. The sample of this study consisted of 385 elderly people in Bangkok. The instruments used in research were questionnaire and interview. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage arithmetic mean standard deviation and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The findings of the data analysis indicate that there were 6 components with 36 variables of competency for learning in digital technology of the elderly in Bangkok which can describe the combined variance at 64.305 percent. All components were as follow: 1 component of the knowledge competency to identify the learning course 3 components of the skill competency to identify the learning objective learning management and promote learning. Finally 2 other components of the personal competency to identify the background of learner and physical and mental fitness.

Differential evolution is one of the most efficient optimization algorithms for solving complication problems including single objective multiobjective and many-objective optimization. It is a stochastic population-based search approach for optimization over the continuous space. The main advantages of differential evolution are simplicity robustness and high speed of convergence. The Advanced Fuzzy-based Multiobjective Differential Evolution (AFMDE) that exploits three performance metrics specifically hypervolume spacing and maximum spread to measure the state of the evolution process. The fuzzy inference rules are applied to these metrics in order to adaptively adjust the associated control parameters of the chosen mutation strategy used in AFMDE. The optimization algorithm will stop the evolution process if the number of iterations reaches the stopping criteria which usually is the maximum number of iterations. Then the optimization algorithm delivers the optimal solution founded. However sometimes if the maximum number of iterations is not appropriately defined the found solutions may not be the optimal ones. In case of the optimization algorithm has found the optimal solutions but it must continue the evolution process because the stopping criteria are not met. This can cause unnecessary using of high computational resources and time-consuming. Therefore this research study proposed the stopping criteria based on performance metrics feedback for AFMDE. The efficiency of the proposed criteria combined with AFMDE is evaluated on the well-known ZDT benchmark test suites.

This article aims at reviewing literature and supposing the hypotheses that present a conceptual framework of a causal relationship model of factors influencing the development of local administrative organizations into high performance organizations in Thailand. From the literature reviews some important points to be tested were found as follows: 1. The compositions of local administrative organizations development into high performance organizations consisted of 6 factors: 1) Total Management Quality; 2) Openness and Action Orientation; 3) Long-term Orientation; 4) Local Innovation Continuous Improvement and Renewal; 5) Quality of Human Resource Management System and 6) Readiness for Change of local Personnel. 2. The causal relationship model of factors influencing the development of local administrative organizations into high performance organizations are as follows: 1) Transformational leadership has a positive direct effect on high performance local administrative organizations; 2) Organizational culture has a positive direct effect on high performance local administrative organizations; 3) Organizational structure and design have a positive direct effect on high performance local administrative organizations and 4) Transformational leadership has a positive indirect effect on high performance local administrative organizations through organizational culture and organizational structure and design. This framework can be used to study and test against empirical data.

The ORC power plant is a promising technology to generate electricity from low-temperature heat sources. However implementation of the ORC for low capacity electricity generation is unattractive at the commercial level. Scroll compressors are massively produced to be used in refrigeration and air-conditioning applications. Using a scroll compressor in reverse as an expander can reduce the investment cost of low-capacity ORC power plants. In this study 2 scroll compressors that are available in the automotive air-conditioning market of Thailand were modified and used as the expander of a 1 kW ORC power plant. The performances of these 2 scrolls were compared and the plant performance was investigated. A heat source temperature from 100°C to 150°C was supplied to the plant. It was found that the gross power is higher by 18-35% for the larger expander (110 cc/rev) than for the smaller expander (85.7 cc/rev). The larger one provides the isentropic efficiency of 37-76% and the gross power of 806-1926 W. In addition the effects of check valve installation were examined and compared with those of the tests without check valve installation. It was revealed that the isentropic efficiency increases by 18% while the gross power decreases by 4-22% when the check valve was installed.