The magnetic properties of Ba2FeMoO6 (BFMO) BaCO3 (Barium carbonate 99.9%) Fe(NO3)3.9H2O (Iron(II) nitrate 99.0%) and Mo03 (Molybdenum trioxide 99.0%) have been characterized. A slurry was prepared by mixing the powders with deionized (DI) water at a ratio of 1:7.5: by solid state reaction method through compression. In the case of BFMO sintering at 800 °C for a 4 6 and 10 hours. exhibited the largest hysteresis loop at 50 K. In addition the values of Ms and Mr indicate ferromagnetic behaviour in BFMO ceramics sintered from 600 °C to 800 °C. Finally the value of magnetization was reduced by using a lower sintering temperature SEM analysis revealed the physical appearance of sintered BFMO ceramic and showed the morphology of the BFMO powder was. coarse with an average diameter of 2 microns

The research was to develop environmental packaging from composite materials hyacinth fiber rice husk and coconut fiber for temperature preservation to replace the use of foam packaging that cannot be degraded naturally. In the composite materials water hyacinth fiber rice husk and coconut fiber at the ratios 7: 1: 2 1 : 1 : 2 and 1: 1: 1 were extruded by heat using isocyanate glue as a solder and testing the physical and biological properties of composite materials as fiberboard. For testing of temperature preservation of the bio packaging heat transfer test to obtain the bio-packaging for the environment the composite materials of fiber water hyacinth rice husk and coconut fiber at the ratio of 7 : 1 : 2 was the most appropriate type. Since it had a density of 0.7 grams per cubic centimeter strength of 26.76 MPa moisture content of 3.8 percent ages and swelling of 26.63 percent ages. In dry condition at room temperature it could store heat for 2 hours and could retain the cold temperature as shown for the temperatures rising from 4 to 30.7 degree Celsius within 2 hours. This research therefore presents a new alternative method of natural fiber composite materials application for temperature preservation in order to reduce the use of foam containers and increase cost value to natural bio waste materials.

จากการทดลองวิจัยพบว่าองค์ประกอบทางเคมีของเถ้าแกลบมีซิลิกอน ออกไซด์ (SiO2) แคลเซียม ออกไซด์ (CaO) โพแทสเซียม ออกไซด์ (K2O) เป็น 94.00% 2.00% 2.80% ตามลำดับและพบสารประกอบ Silicon Oxide (SiO2) : Cristobalite เถ้าแกลบมีผลการทดสอบหาความหนาแน่นปรากฏมีค่า 2.24 g/cm3 ความถ่วงจำเพาะ 1.43 ค่า Loss on Ignition 7.94 % การกระจายตัวของขนาดอนุภาค 53.65 μm พื้นที่ผิว Single point BET 30.07 m2/g พื้นที่ผิว Multi point BET 30.44 m2/g การขึ้นรูปตามอัตราส่วนของ เถ้าแกลบ – พลาสติก ที่เถ้าแกลบ 100%และ90 % ไม่สามารถอัดขึ้นรูปได้เนื่องจากเถ้าแกลบมีมวลที่ละเอียดเมื่อขึ้นรูปจะไม่เกิดการยึดเกาะระหว่างมวลกับพลาสติกดังรูปในตารางและขึ้นรูปได้แต่ไม่สมบูรณ์ที่ เถ้าแกลบ 80% ส่วนอัตราส่วนเถ้าแกลบตั้งแต่ 70%-0% สามารถขึ้นรูปได้สมบูรณ์ ตัวอย่างทดสอบเถ้าแกลบ-พลาสติกที่มีกำลังอัดน้อยกว่า 70 ksc. ที่อัตราส่วนเถ้าแกลบ 60% ขึ้นไป ตัวอย่างกำลังระหว่าง 70-100 ksc. 2 ตัวอย่างที่อัตราส่วนเถ้าแกลบที่ 40-50% และมากกว่า 100 ksc. ที่อัตราส่วนเถ้าแกลบที่น้อยกว่า 30% โดยสามารถรับกำลังได้สูงสุดที่ 200.79 ksc. เถ้าแกลบผสมพลาสติกเมื่อเพิ่มปริมาณพลาสติกมากขึ้นกำลังรับแรงเพิ่มตามลำดับ ผู้ใช้ควรเลือกใช้ตามความเหมาะสมกับงาน ปริมาณเถ้าแกลบ 70% ขึ้นไปตัวอย่างจมน้ำและปริมาณเถ้าแกลบต่ำกว่า 60% ก้อนตัวอย่างทดสอบลอยน้า ตัวอย่างสามารถดูดซึมน้าได้น้อยกว่า 30% ทุกตัวอย่างที่สามารถขึ้นรูปได้ ซึ่งสามารถนำไปใช้ในงานก่อสร้างได้ เถ้าแกลบผสมปลาสติกไม่เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงปริมาตรหรือเกิดน้อยมาก ซึ่งเป็นคุณสมบัติที่ดีของวัสดุก่อสร้าง จากการทดสอบด้วยกล้องขยายกาลัง 50x พบว่าดินลูกรังสามารถขึ้นรูปได้ด้วยการประสานของพลาสติกโดยยิ่งมีอัตราส่วนของพลาสติกมากยิ่งทำให้มีความสามารยึดเกาะขึ้นรูปและกำลังได้ดีตามไปด้วย

The objective of this research is a study to determine optimum forming condition of semi-finished bulk UHMWPE by using ram extruder that obtain maximum yield strength and minimum wear rate for apply to use in area of medical and mechanical application. Experimental extrusion specified forming condition consists of the temperature of 140 150 and 160 ºC and pressure of 3 5 8 and 10 MPa with the temperature exposure time of 30 minutes. After known optimum forming condition of UHMWPE powder thus forming UHMWPE filled with different kind of filler to study and determine optimum weight fraction of various types of filler that affect onto wear resistance property of UHMWPE composites. Result extruded condition at the temperature of 1 5 0 ºC under pressure of 5 MPa with exposure time of 30 minutes is an optimum extruded condition due to specimen shown a maximum yield strength ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 20.43 ± 1.21 MPa 28.33 ± 1.53 MPa and 285.60 ± 6.41 % respectively and obtain minimum wear rate of 3.02  10-9 ± 5.27  10-10 mm3/Nm. Its mechanical properties and wear resistance property higher than imported bulk UHMWPE by 23.3 % and 4.75 times respectively due to the formation of cross-linking are occurred in polymer chain and also its degree of crystallinity is high equal to 61.52%. For bulk UHMWPE IR-spectrum shown a variation peak of carbonyl group (C=O) are occurred that that it indicated the oxidation reaction at the end of polymer chain and tis degree of crystallinity is equal to 53.31% which result to decrease strength of polymer. In the case of UHMWPE filled with filler optimum weight fractions of various types of filler are as follows. 1. The filling of 0.3 wt. % Al2O3 particle size 0.05 μm shown yield strength ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 23.17 ± 3.35 MPa 34.78 ± 2.80 MPa and 229.00 ± 6.09% respectively that its mechanical properties was increased by 18.55% (increasing of ultimate tensile strength). For the wear rate is equal to 2.09  10-9 ± 3.39  10-10 mm3/Nm or its wear resistance was increased by 1.44 times in compared with initial bulk UHMWPE. 2. The filling of 0.4 wt. % Al2O3 particle size 0.3 μm shown yield strength ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 21.93 ± 0.51 MPa 25.40 ± 0.69 MPa and 267.67 ± 22.03% respectively that its mechanical properties was increased by 11.54% (increasing of ultimate tensile strength). For the wear rate is equal to 2.32  10-9 ± 4.78  10-10 mm3/Nm or its wear resistance was increased by 1.30 times in compared with initial bulk UHMWPE. ฉ 3 . The filling of 0.4 wt. % Al2O3 particle size 1 μm shown yield strength ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 23.93 ± 1.89 MPa 26.77 ± 1.20 MPa and 296.54 ± 7.51% respectively that its mechanical properties was increased by 5.83% (increasing of ultimate tensile strength). For the wear rate is equal to 2.14  10-9 ± 3.16  10-10 mm3/Nm or its wear resistance was increased by 1.41 times in compared with initial bulk UHMWPE 4 . The filling of 4 wt. % Al2O3 particle size 5 μm shown yield strength ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 22.57 ± 2.01 MPa 26.31 ± 3.11 MPa and 136.66 ± 11.67% respectively that its mechanical properties was increased by 7.68% (increasing of ultimate tensile strength). For the wear rate is equal to 2.37  10-9 ± 5.71  10-10 mm3/Nm or its wear resistance was increased by 1.27 times in compared with initial bulk UHMWPE

A promising composite of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) and bioactive hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 ;HAp) has expected to potential for future bone reinforcing formation. In present study zinc ferrite and hydroxyapatite composite was prepared by solid state reaction route for easier control of structural and magnetic characteristics and with low cost. Hydroxyapatite powder was synthesized by precipitation method from chicken eggshell. Mixed powders with varying ZnFe2O4/HAp weight ratios from 2-10 wt% were milled together and uniaxially pressed and then sintered at 1200 oC for 3 hours. The XRD results showing no other phases of composite with only HAp and ZnFe2O4 phases were identified indicating high stability of HAp property. Phase fractions of ZnFe2O4 were found to increase from 10.8 to 18.73 wt% with increasing content of ZnFe2O4. FT-IR results of ZnFe2O4/HAp composite were only revealed vibration bands of standard HAp phase. This may due to the overlapping of the ZnFe2O4 vibrational bands with HAp bands. However their intense variations observed in HAp vibrational bands indicated the interaction between ZnFe2O4 and HAp. The surface morphology of these ZnFe2O4/HAp composite exhibited primary grain in nano scale with enhanced pore structure and Interconnectivity when ZnFe2O4 weight ratios increased; indicating high surface area for cell attachment and better good cell growth and differentiation. The higher saturation magnetization as well as higher super paramagnetic behavior could be easily altered by increasing ZnFe2O4 content in the composite.