We present the comparison of CDMA MAC protocol with and without beat noise by using 2-D optical CDMA MAC protocol over WDM networks. We use the asymmetric primehop sequence code. Moreover we analyse the effect of the number of available wavelengths in tenns ofaverage number of attempted to transmissions per time slot (offered load) and beat noise is considered. The presented numerical results based on the throughput and delay time versus the offered load. We divide into two parts. The first one we consider the effect of the number of available wavelengths. Another is the effect of with and without beat noise in the 2-D OCDMA over WDM systems.

The Research of this paper to propose the usage of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. and Samanea saman Merill are fast-growing commonly found in Thailand. However these species of wood could not be utilized as structural components either economically or safely due to the lack of recommended values for their engineering properties. Therefore the objective of this research was to study their physical and mechanical properties based on statistical data obtained from 11 series of tests in accordance with ASTM 0-143. 0-198 and 0-1037. The number of samples for each test was large enough to ensure 99% interval of confidence. Then goodness-of-fit tests were performed for each set of data to achieve at least 95% level of confidence. Buildings analyzed included residences offices and schools. The buildings were limited to two-storeyed buildings with f1oor-to-f1oor height of 3.00 meters. Given to joists and beams were simply supported. Values of structural reliability were obtained by using accurate methods. Results from testing showed that engineering properties of both species of wood could be represented well by normal distribution. Reliability analyses and designs of wood sections for joists. beams and columns showed that designs of Joists and beams wWe controlled by deflection; whereas those of columns were controlled by buckling. Based on these reasons the governing basic variable for designs of wood sections was the modulus of elasticity (E). If the accepted value of failure probability (P) for serviceability limit states was set to be 10-4. the corresponding upper limit coefficient of variation (COV) of E would be 0.269. Similarty if the accepted value of P for Ultimate limit states was set to be 10~. the corresponding upper limit COY of E would be 0.210. Since COY of E for both species of wood were lower than limit COY mentioned above. they could be used safely as structural components. Proposed design procedures were similar to Working Stress Methods. The only difference from E.I.T. standard was live load. Instead of nominal live loads for residence. office and school as stated In the Municipal law. mean Ifve loads based on data gathered in Thailand were recommended. Wood sections obtalnec from numerical procedures proposed were as large as those obtained from WCCAL Software. Furthennore recommended wood sections and factor of safety (FS) were summarized in appendices. It was also interesting to note that the value of E for compression and tension parallel to grain of both species of wood could be used to predict the corresponding value of E for bending.

The objective of this research project is to transfer the knowledge and skills of making extirpative orchids from mulberry -pulp paper for decorating home or souvenir to the housewives of Department of Veterinary and the third agricultural division Department of Veterinary Thai Army and the interested people at Amphoe Mae Rim in Changwat Chaing MaL This project processes these activities as follow: 1. Studying basic data of designing and making orchids for many kinds of ornaments 2. Surveying the need to train from target population 3. Making the training course 4. Making prototypes for the training course 5. Preparing media and documents for this course 6. To train the target group and 7. To evaluate the training course and methodology. The sampled population of this process transferring the knowledge and skills of making extirpative orchids from mulberry -pulp paper includes the housewives of Department of Veterinary and the third agricultural division Department of Veterinary Thai Army and the interested people at Amphoe Mae Rim in Changwat Chaing Mai (88 adult persons sampling by completely random sampling method). Research instruments are the training course the questionnaire for evaluating the training course and the training procedures. Descriptive analyses (percentage and mean) are conducted to this work.The results of this work show that all of trainees are women (100%) age between 40 49 years (31.82%) and most of trainees were housewives (73.87%). Evaluation of the training course and methodology finds that objectives structures contents and activities of this course are more suitable level. The opinions about materials and documents using for this course and the training room are more and the most suitable level. The training procedures are the most suitable level. The assessment of expert (preparing to lecture the knowledge about contents of the course the skillful making of products. and ability to transfer the knowledge to answer the questions and to give advice) are the most suitable level. The comment from trainees is they continuously want to train courses that could actually bring back the knowledge and skills to do the occupation.

The objectives of this research were the determination of sorption isotherms and the comparison of mathematical models to determine a suitable model in different temperature ranges for Khao Dawk Mali 105. This experiment was made by placing samples in containers which were contained saturated salt solutions to control the humidity in the ranges of 5.32 – 84.34 %RH and the hot air oven was used to provide temperature conditions at 25 and 70 oC. The samples were in containers until the mass of samples was constant so the equilibrium between the samples and the surrounding was reached and then the equilibrium moisture content was determined. The experiment found that for the same relative humidity in the air when the temperature increased the equilibrium moisture content would decrease and for the same temperature in the air when the relative humidity increased the equilibrium moisture content would increase. Furthermore the comparison of models by analysis from R-Squared (R2) and Chi-Square (χ2) in each temperature found that Henderson model was a suitable model at 25 oC and Chung & Pfost was a suitable model at 70 oC.

The special project study aims to create transformative jewellery for women from Lanna-style glass as well as to examine the satisfaction of the target groups on the jewellery. The different three design of the transformative jewellery were sketched based on the review information. The jewellery can be split into smaller pieces which are a necklace earrings and a brooch. Then a favourite design was considered by five experts. Some recommendations for better design were also provided. After that the jewellery was created according to the selected sketching. The satisfactions on the jewellery were collected from two groups of people; 1) twenty-five jewellery entrepreneurs and 2) twenty-five working women aged 18-60 years (Ministry of Labor 2019). The total data of fifty samples were analysed by using frequency percentage and mean. The results showed as following. Three of the five experts chose the design number three as the model was interesting. The necklace earrings and brooch can be detached to suit an outfit perfectly. The experts preferred the transformation by studs and hooks. Furthermore the colour tones are harmonious and can draw the human perception resulting in a variety application on an outfit. The satisfaction of two groups of people; 1) jewellery entrepreneurs 2) working women aged 18-60 years; were examined. It was found that for the style of the jewellery both groups were satisfied with the creativity of the jewellery design at the highest level the satisfaction means were 4.80 and 4.68 respectively. In terms of materials the entrepreneurs were satisfied with the novelty the strength and durability and the safety of materials at the highest level having the same means of 4.36. The working women were satisfied with the suitability of the materials at the highest level with the mean of 4.52. In terms of utility both groups had the satisfaction of wearing to parties at the highest level with the mean of 4.56 and 4.44 respectively. Regarding the price the entrepreneurs were satisfied with the price of 3999 baht at the highest level with the mean of 4.48. Also the working women were satisfied with the price of 2999 baht at a high level with the mean of 4.20. For the place of distribution both groups had the satisfaction of the jewellery stores at the highest level with the mean of 4.96 and 4.52 respectively.