The diversity of soil microorganisms in mulberry root rot disease infesting fields was investigated from The Queen Sirikit Sericulture Center at Kanchanaburi Khon Kaen Sisaket and Ubon Ratchathani provinces. Isolation of the soil microorganisms was performed on four media as nutrient agar (NA) potato dextrose agar (PDA) rose bengal agar (RBG) and modified selective fusarium agar (SFA). Twenty-four bacterial isolates were arisen from NA including gram positive endospore forming rod gram negative rod gram positive cocci and Actinomycetes. Similarly 75 isolates of fungi were gained from PDA RBG and SFA and could be defined to be Aspergillus sp. Chaetomium sp. Curvularia sp. Fusarium sp. Penicillium sp. Phytophthora sp. and Rhizopus sp. by their morphological characteristics. Verification of the causal pathogen of mulberry root rot disease could be accomplished using specific primers for F. solani in which a DNA band at approximately 300 bp was revealed.

Metaheuristic optimization approach has become the new framework for control synthesis. The main purposed of the control design are input (command) tracking and load (disturbance) regulating. This research proposes an optimal proportional-derivative (PID) controller design for the brushless dc (BLDC) motor speed control system with input tracking and load regulating constrained optimization by using the cuckoo search (CuS) one of the most efficient population-based metaheuristic optimization techniques. The sum-squared error between population-based metaheuristic optimization techniques. The sum-squared error between the referent input and the controlled output is set as the objective function to be minimized. The rise time the maximum overshoot settling time and steady-state error are set as inequality constraints for tracking purpose while the regulating time and the maximum overshoot of load regulation are set as inequality constraints for regulating purpose. Results obtained by the CuS will be compared with those obtained by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA). From simulation results it was found that the parameters of CuS were optimal than both PSO and GA for BLDC motor speed control system satisfying the preset input tracking and load regulating constraints. In addition the simulation results are confirmed by the experimental ones from the BLDC motor speed control system developed in the laboratory.

The aim of this research was to study protein mineral and vitamin contents in 20 local rice varieties by collecting 36 samples from loei province. Determination of nutritional value of 36 samples showed that it consisted of 7.16±0.15-11.05±0.12 g protein/100 g rice. Khao Niaw Dum Luempua (LR22) showed the highest phosphorus content were 263.85±0.19 mg/100 g. Analysis the amount of iron and calcium by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). Found that the concentration of iron was the highest content in Khao Homtung (LR7) were 7.31±0.14 mg/100 g And calcium content highest in Khao Niaw Dum Luempua (LR22) as 11.15±0.24 mg/100g. In the analysis of all three vitamins by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). khao Sum Bine (HP14) showed the highest beta carotene content were 0.08±0.14 mg/kg. While not detecting beta carotene in local rice varieties 15 samples including Khao Plah Sew Noi detecting beta carotene in local rice varieties 15 samples including Khao Plah Noi (LR3) Khao Hom Sa Ngiem (LR6) Khao San Pa Tong (LR12) Khao San Pa Tongdor (LR13) Khao Soviet (LR15) Khao San Ti Bal (LR16) Khao Lom Pee (LR17) Khao Laotaek (LR19) Khao Plah Sew Noi (LR20) Khao Hom Sa Ngiem (LR27) Khao Homtung (LR28) Khao Phare (LR30) Khao Maw (LR31) Khao Dang (LR32) and Khao Plah Sew Noi (LR35). The results showed that the highest alpha tocopherol and thiamine contents were found in khao Niaw Dum Luempua (LR36) with 16.18±0.09 and 12.08±0.18 mg/kg respectively. The results of this study are useful as basic data for rice consumption local rice preservation and further product development.

This research is to study in heat transfer of hot water tank from an air conditioner which is a cylinder type and has a hot water pipe around the tank. It is used for finding a position and a pattern of distribution of the hot water pipe around the tank in the highest heat transfer condition. The study uses the cylinder of hot water tank filled 45 liters of 25 oC water. An experiment separates in 3 positions of pipe wrapping which are the bottom the center and the top of the tank. Then 80 oC of hot water run thought the hot water pipe which is wrapped around the tank for 120 minutes. The result of the experiment shows that tubing position that causes the highest heat transfer is at the bottom of tank. Pipe wrapping at the bottom of the tank has the heat transfer higher than the top of the tank at 30%. Furthermore this experiment studies in spacing of hot water pipe. There are 3 types for testing which are spacing hot water pipe as one time two times and three times of diameter of pipe. The result illustrates that spacing the hot water pipe can significantly increase the heat transfer. The heat transfer of spacing the hot water pipe in three times of diameter of pipe is higher 5.8 % than spacing in one times. In addition this research is to study in the effect of turbulent flow on the heat transfer by installing agitator in order to stir water in the tank. The result is that water stirring in the tank for increasing the heat transfer is not effective for investment because the energy using for stirring is higher than the enhanced heat transfer

The objective of this research was to isolate plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from Wedelia trilobata (L.) A.S. Hitchcock rhizosphere and preliminarily test their plant growth promoting properties such as nitrogen fixation siderophore production phosphate solubilization and indole-3-acetic acid production. Forty-seven bacterial isolates were obtained including 26 isolates of gram positive 18 isolates of gram negative and 3 isolates of actinobacteria. After that 8 isolates (including BWTM1_MSU BWTM2_MSU BWTM5_MSU BWTM6_MSU BWWM6_MSU BWWM8_MSU BWWM9_MSU and BWWM16_MSU) were selected for studying on root colonization and plant growth promoting properties under aseptic condition. The results showed that BWTM5_MSU had the evident on the promotion of plant growth with the most percentage of rice seed germination (63.33%) high level of root and shoot length with 6.11 cm and 3.89 cm respectively. As a result the root and shoot fresh weight was as high as 9.56 mg and 11.33 mg respectively. It also correlated with the highest production of indole-3-acetic acid up to 421.29 ug/ml. The root colonization was studied by counting rhizobacteria isolate BWTM5_MSU from rice rhizoplane and rhizosphere with presented bacterial number at 9.67x106 CFU/g root and 1.64x10 10 CFU/g soil respectively.