Thailand’s gem and jewelry industry is widely considered one of the greatest potential markets in the world. One of the important processes is producing the body jewellery or casting. The lost-wax castingtechnique is a popular technique used widely. However it can also be a source of many defects such as porosity tarnishing incomplete form filling and water stain. There is not finding causes of problems affecting the cost of production labor energy and time increased. This research aims to study the production problems and deficiencies of work piece in the actual work from10 casting industriesto identifying and preventing all these problems. This study will be helpful to entrepreneurs gems and jewelry industry to use as guidelines to prevent defects reduce waste reduce production costs and improve the casting process for the piece even more quality. The study found that most of the production process is the main the machinery / equipment and material problems the problem of secondary respectively by this process the main problem is the casting and foundry molds the injection and the candles prototype and mold making rubber the order is a minor respectively work piece for defects in castings are very common a flaw was found in the specimens I have a 6 specimen defects found in wax and defects found in rubber molds and prototypes the defect occurs in each style be caused by a wide variety of cases. Problems encountered in this study the most hole of the shrinkage problem problem of casting porosity the hole of the bubble the cracking problem the cast is not full the problem is the ceiling.

ผลการศึกษาพบว่า สูตรที่เหมาะสมของเครื่องดื่มนมผสมน้ําผลไม้แท้ 100% พาสเจอไรส์ ประกอบด้วย นมรีโพรเซส 10% น้ําสับปะรดและน้ําลิ้นจี่ชนิดละ 45 % เพคตินชนิด High-methoxy 0.55% และน้ําตาล 1% ผลิตภัณฑ์มีค่าสี2.5Y-5Y 9/2-4 ค่าpH 3.5±0.5 ค่าปริมาณของแข็งที่ละลายน้ําได้ทั้งหมด 13.5±1 องศาบริกซ์ พาสเจอร์ไรส์ที่อุณหภูมิ72 องศาเซลเซียส นาน 15 วินาที เก็บที่อุณหภูมิ 6±1 องศาเซลเซียสได้เป็นเวลา 8 วัน มีโปรตีน 2.8กรัม ไขมัน 2.1กรัมคาร์โบไฮเดรต 8.8 กรัม แคลเซียม 21 มิลลิกรัม และให้พลังงาน 65.3 กิโลแคลอรี่/100 มิลลิลิตร นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่า ผู้บริโภคให้การยอมรับผลิตภัณฑ์ด้วยคะแนนในระดับมากกว่า 7 (ชอบปานกลาง)

This research studies the potential for using waste ash from industrial and agricultural by-products as a plastering material. This paper presents a study of the water requirement compressive strength flexural strength normal consistency setting time and air content of plastering material containing classified fly ash (FA) and ground rice husk ash (RHA). Fine fly ash and fine rice husk ash have a high potential to be used as a good pozzolanic material. The use of finer pozzolan results in a stronger and denser mortar which is due to better Q!spersion and filling effect as well as an increase in the pozzolanic reaction. Fine fly ash and fine rice husk ash can be incorporated into mortar as replacement of the mortar mix cement for the plastering. Mortar mix cement containing 20% fine fly ash and fine rice husk ash can be used to make plastering materials.

The objectives of this research were to study present problem and barrier factors and the development of science and technology research co-operation model for Thai Public Higher Education Institutions. The samples were 388 executives in 8 Thai Public Higher Education Institutions. The instruments were questionnaire survey executive interviews and query data. Data analysis were statistical and content analysis. It was found that Thai Public Higher Education Institution policy supported the research. These were co-researches co-devices and exchanged expert researcher in knowledge. The successful factors were capitals benefits shared goals quality development and increased researches based research system the expert persons research resources reward and motivation and draft model with 4 elements: structured cooperation research funding support standard and mechanical cooperation and types of unit administration. When the draft model was completed it was brought to Connoisseurship meeting for science and technology research co-operation model for Thai Public Higher Education Institutions.