Combining ability test of eight F5 gherkin lines from 5 generations in selected pedigree method 28 direct and 28 reciprocal crosses was performed. The objective of this study was to selected high general combining ability line and high specific combining ability hybrid for commercial variety. The experiment was designed in RCB with 2 blocks. The trial was planted during July to September 2012 at Lampang Agricultural Research and Training Centre Lampang province. Data were analyzed using Griffing method 1 with fixed treatment effect. The results were significant between varietal in all traits except yield and fruit per plant. General combining ability (GCA) was significant in all traits. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant in all traits except yield and fruit per plant. Significance was also found in reciprocal effect in all traits except the width of fruit. For the yield of lines P1 P3 P2 P5 and P8 expressed high GCA and six hybrids were P5 / P3 P5 / P2 P1 / P5 P6 / P2 P3 / P2 and P6 / P8 had high SCA.

The purpose of this research was to study antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Myrtaceae ( Melaleuca cajeputi Malaleuca leucadendra Syzygium cumini L. and Rhodomyrtus tomentasa (Ait.) Hassk.) at Kuankreng Peatlands. A total of 124 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained from all plant types. Three week old fermentation broths of endophytic fungi were tested for antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method. Forty- six isolates (37.1%) inhibited at least 1 type of pathogen. Fermentation broth and cells of active endophytes were further extracted with organic solvents and tested for MIC using the microdilution broth method. The results show that 156 of the total of 174 crude extracts (89.6%) produced MIC ? 200 g/mL. The lowest MIC for S. aureus ATCC25923 MRSA SK1 P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 C. albicans ATCC90028C. neoformans ATCC90012 and M. gypseum were 128 200 200 64 200 16 and 200 g/mL respectively.

The purpose of this research is to estimate the affects of water content (27 37 and 47 % wet basis) cooking time (1 3 and 5 hr) at 110oC and germinating time (24 36 and 48 hr) on chemical composition structure and properties of germinated purple rice flour. A Box-Behnken design under the response surface methodology was performed to optimize their composition. Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Nan was research place. Results demonstrated that germinating time had no significantly effect on protein and lipid content but resulted in increasing crude fiber and decreasing carbohydrate and amylose content with increase in germinating time. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) revealed the presence of polyhedral shape and agglomerations. Birefringence was evidenced. Pasting properties of germinated purple rice flour showed an increase in the pasting temperature but a decrease the peak viscosity breakdown final viscosity and setback (p<0.05) as germinating time increased. Modified rice flour were increase in carbohydrate and amylose content and decrease in protein lipid ash and fiber as water content and cooking time at 110oC increased. Change in birefringence of starch granule after heating at 110oC was examined by a polarized light microscope. SEM showed the presence of creak surfaces and agglomerations. The swelling power of germinated purple rice flour decreased with increase in cooking time. The solubility at 85oC of germinated purple rice flour was increased in each level of water content.

This study was undertaken to determine effect of bio-extract fermented from pig placenta and effect of wood vinegar solutions on seed germination percentage and speed of germination of 2 rice cultivars Chai Nat 1 and Sang Yod Phattalung. The experiment was conducted in factorial in completely randomized design with 2 factors and 4 replications. The first factor was ratios of the solutions to water and the second was duration for seed incubation. The results demonstrated that wood vinegar showed more positive effect on rice seed germination performances than that of bio-extract. Speed of germination was affected by an inter-action between the dilutions of the solutions and the duration for seed incubation. In Chai nat 1 experiment the seed soaked in 20 times dilution of bio-extract and subsequently incubated for 24 hrs increased speed of germination of the seed. While soaking the seed in 400 times dilution of wood vinegar and incubated for 24 hrs could enhance both percentage and speed of the seed germination. In Sang Yod Phattalung experiment soaking the seed in 50 times dilution of bio-extract and subsequently incubated for 48 hrs or soaking the seed in 300 times dilution of wood vinegar and incubated for 48 hrs could enhance both percentage and speed of seed germination. According to the results we concluded that soaking rice seed in bio-extract of pig placenta fermentation or in wood vinegar solutions could enhance the seed quality.

For one-part adhesive systems a long working-life adhesive which can be cured rapidly at processing temperature is required in industrial applications because it provides assembly process versatility. The aim of this research was to study the methods for extending the working-life of an epoxy-based adhesive with anhydride curing agent. This adhesive formulation is used as an underfill material in electronic industry. The scope of this study was divided into two parts: 1) modification of adhesive formulation process 2) determination of the component in adhesive which causes the adhesive viscosity increased at ambient temperature. The results showed that the adhesive working-life extended from 2 hours to 6 hours with reducing formulation process time removing the moisture in filler and reducing fluxing precursor loading in adhesive. In addition the fluxing precursor loading also affects the thermo-mechanical properties of adhesive. For characterization the working-life and thermo-mechanical properties of this formulation were investigated using rheological technique and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) respectively.