The objective of this study is to obtain a model that maximize production of γ-linolenic acid (GLA) by the moss Physcomitrella patens employing response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM with a three-variables (sucrose potassium nitrate and glutamate concentrations) and five-level (-2 -1 0 1 and 2) central composite design (CCD) including 20 experimental runs was employed to optimize the medium composition. Results showed that the experimental data could be appropriately fitted into a second-order polynomial model with a coefficient of determination (R2) more than 0 .9 5 for GLA production. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the model was highly significant (p<0.0001) and the effects of the sucrose (20-100 g/L) and glutamate (0.5-2.5 g/L) concentrations on GLA production were significant (p<0.05). The GLA production with the optimized culture medium (sucrose concentration of 62.92 g/L potassium nitrate of 0.80 g/L and glutamate concentration of 1 .4 2 g/L) by RSM increased 4.61 folds when compared with the standard BCD medium. This experimental value (16.37 mg GLA/L) fit well with the predicted values (16.20 mg GLA/L).

The purposes of this research were to develop and to test performance of mini heat pump dryer for slice banana. Drying chamber of 0.48×0.47×0.39 m3 was designed and it could contain three trays. The three trays had dimension of 0.33×0.409 m2. A blower with 174.6 W motor of air condition was modify and could adjust flow rates of three levels for air cycle system in dryer. The air system had bypass air at evaporator. The refrigerant of R-134a and four main parts were used in the heat pump system. The four main parts were a 497 W hermetic compressor a 1800 W condenser an expansion valve and a 1300 W evaporator. Experiments for test performance of the mini heat pump dryer used close loop air system an evaporator bypass air of 60 % a temperature of 60 oC and various flow rates of 0.117 0.128 and 0.140 m3/s. Slide bananas of 400-500 g had an initial moisture content of 244-281 %dry basis and were dried until final moisture content lower than 6.24±0.007 %dry basis. It was found that the flow rates of 0.117 0.128 and 0.140 m3/s had coefficients of performance (COPh) of 3.32±0.066 3.88±0.031 and 4.24±0.08 respectively and had specific moisture extraction rates (SMER) of 184.5±11.85 186.2±8.17 and 200.1±21.34 g/kWh respectively. The flow rate at 0.140 m3/s was the best condition because it had high specific moisture extraction rate.

The objective of this study is to explore a method to improve UV protection and antibacterial properties of the cotton yarn surface to produce high-quality textile products. Cotton yarns were coated with sodium hydrogen phosphate magnesium chloride softener solution and 0 to 0.54 M of polyvinyl alcohol to hold surface yarns to the yarn body using the winding machine. The coated yarns were analyzed using Field emission scanning electron microscope Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Optimal results were achieved when coating with 0.45 M PVA exhibited UV protection was excellent protection. The cotton yarn coated 0.45 M polyvinyl alcohol displayed the antibacterial activity in the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 87 and 91% respectively. The expected overall properties may open the way towards new applications of high performance fabrics leading to an innovative product development in the textile industry

The objective of this research was to study the effect of substitution of wheat flour with Cavendish banana flour on specific volume density antioxidant activity and the sensory acceptance of bread using Cavendish banana flour instead of wheat flour as 0% (control) 10% 20% and 30% of the total flour weight. It was found that an increasing amount of Cavendish banana flour caused the darker of the bread appearance and the specific volume of the bread decreased from 4.22 to 2.69 cm3/g while the bread density increased from 0.24 to 0.37 g/cm3. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the bread made of Cavendish banana flour instead of wheat flour were significantly greater than the control bread (p<0.05). Also the sensory acceptance scores by panelists in terms of appearance color aroma taste texture and overall acceptance of bread using 10-30% of Cavendish banana flour content were not significantly different compared to the control bread (p>0.05) . Therefore the bread using 30% Cavendish banana flour gave the highest amount of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity with well accepted by consumers.

This research was resulted of the characterization of cement paste composites (CPC) blended with palmyra fiber ash and surface-treated on short SWNT prepared by an electroless plating process. The cement paste composites included cement 270 meshes of palmyra fiber ash and short SWNT. The design of experiment was divided into 3 conditions namely uncuring 28 and 56 days in distilled water. The properties of CPC were carried out in chemical composition physical mechanical mineral phase microstructure and statistical analysis. It was found that in the chemical compositions an amount of silicon dioxide aluminium oxide and ferric oxide were 51.53% which was rated in class C. The bulk densities of CPC series between PFA10 (C) and PFA5AgSWNT0.01 (G) cured 56-day distilled water were an increased 38%. Then the highest specific electrical resistivity of CPC series PFA5OSWNT0.03 (F) cured 56-day distilled water was 1.14±0.31 mega-ohm.mm. The highest compressive strength of CPC series PFA5AgSWNT0.01 (G) cured at 28-day distilled water was 25.45±2.00 MPa compared with the OPC (A) was an increased 5%. Which the bulk densities of CPC series between PFA10 (C) and PFA5AgSWNT0.01 (G) were statistical analyzed the mostly cured at significant difference α = 0.05. In addition CPC series PFA5AgSWNT0.01 (G) mainly contained calcite portlandite quartz dolomite and ettringite were caused increasing compressive strength. And the SEM microphotograph were also displayed the calcium silicate hydrate portlandite and ettringite. Consequently the PFA was used to ability pozzolanic material using for lightweight concrete of CPC.