The objective of this research was to evaluate the antioxidant and glucosidase inhibitory activities of 9 fresh and dried local vegetables extract from Kong Ra District Phatthalung Province such as Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. Archidendron jirinaga Nielsen Scientific name: in process (Neang-rok: local name) Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz Ficus semicordata J.E.Smith Ficus oligodon Mig Ficus sp. Ficus obpyramidata King and Ficus fistulosa Reinw. The antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH radical scavenging. Results indicated that dried crude extract of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity at the final concentration of 5 mg/ml revealed the DPPH activity as 92.25%. Moreover the extracts were studied for their glucosidase inhibitory activities compare with authentic drug Acarbose Results indicated that dried crude extract of Ficus sp. exhibited the highest inhibitory activity revealed the inhibition activity as 85.46%. Thus these local vegetable might be possible new sources of glucosidase inhibition and antioxidants so there are suitable for use as functional food in the future.

The objective of this research was to determine the formulation of soap for carving operations and study the satisfaction of developed carved-soap by carving person. There were 3 basic formulas of the soap e.g. olive oil formula (formula 1; 500 ml olive oil 60 g sodium hydroxide and 140 ml water) coconut oil formula (formula 2; 200 ml coconut oil 34 g sodium hydroxide and 80 ml water) and glycerin formula (formula 3; 200 g glycerin and 5 g sodium hydroxide). The basic formula 3 showed the highest satisfaction scores from carving person when compared with other formulas. The next experiment was to find the optimal temperature for heating the mixtures in the range of 40-60oC. The results showed that the temperature of 45oC was the best treatment for heating three types of soap mixtures. Moreover the formula 3 soap received the highest satisfaction scores ( X = 4.21-4.53) from carving person which had the good appearance exquisite styles shape and proportion right. There was no crack no visible of mold growth and soap powder on the product after caving operations. The satisfaction of 52 carving persons between the general soap and developed carved-soap for carving operations was studied using 5-point rating scales. The satisfaction scores of softness stickiness and aroma were significant different (p<0.05) between two types of soap. However the dryness/hardness silkiness color painting property and overall quality scores were not different. The suitable shape of soap for carving operations was a round shape followed by square shape oval shape and heart shape respectively.

The objective of this research was to find the suitable types of carving style for five fruits and vegetables e.g. pumpkin carrot radish cantaloupe and Japanese cucumber. Physiological changes and methods to improve quality and extend shelf-life were also studied. The results showed that the leave-carved operations stimulated the respiration rate ethylene production and the electrolyte leakage more than flower-carved operations. These responses depended on the size of wound and surface area that contacted with atmospheric oxygen. Two concentrations of peroxyacetic acid (60 and 80 mg/L) solutions showed the efficacy in reducing microorganism populations better than sodium hypochlorite (50 and 75 mg/L). The three firming agents of calcium chloride (0.5-1.5%) calcium lactate (0.5-2%) and calcium propionate (0.5-2%) could improve texture at different concentrations. The combination effects of peroxyacetic acid (80 mg/L) and firming agents (0.5% calcium chloride 1.5% calcium lactate and 2% calcium propionate) and/or 0.25 and 0.5% of chitosan coating were applied on rose and lotus-carved fruits and vegetables. All off flower-carved fruits and vegetables were stored at 5?1oC in clamshell container. Then they were placed in a control temperature chamber at 25?1oC every day for 3 hours until the end of shelf-life. The results showed that 0.25 and 0.5% chitosan coating had the best coating solutions for extended shelf-life of carved pumpkin carrot and cantaloupe. The control treatment dipped in tap distilled water showed the suitable treatment for rose-carved radish and lotus-carved Japanese cucumber. The best chemical treatment for each fruit and vegetable was repeated in the storage experiment and then they were stored at 5?1oC in clamshell containers to determine the shelf-life of three carved fruits and vegetables (rose carnation and lotus). The shelf-life of two styles of flower from carved pumpkin did not exceed 6 days. Carved carrot in rose and carnation flowers had shelf-life for 12 days while radish was not more than 9 days. The shelf-life of rose and carnation carved cantaloupe did not exceed 9 and 6 days respectively. Lotus-carved Japanese cucumber had shelf-life for 6 days. Carved radish and Japanese cucumber were dipped in tap distilled water which had high initial microbial population that caused the short shelf-life. Thus the application of 2% calcium propionate and 80 mg/L peroxyacetic acid was the suitable treatment for reducing microbial population and improving the appearance quality and extended shelf-life.

This study examined the efficacy of two sanitizers; peroxyacetic acid (PAA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in reducing total microbial counts on the carved leaf-shape surface of five types of fruits and vegetables: pumpkin carrot radish cantaloupe and Japanese cucumber. The samples were dipped for 3 or 5 min in various concentrations of PAA (40 60 or 80 mg/L) and NaOCl (50 or 75 mg/L) with distilled water as the control. After dipping the samples were drained for 5 min and the total plate counts were determined in triplicate. Dipping in 60 mg/L of PAA for 3 min was the best treatment for reducing microorganisms on the surface of carved carrot and radish; and 80 mg/L of PAA for 5 min was the best treatment for reducing microorganisms on the surface of carved pumpkin cantaloupe and Japanese cucumber. PAA at concentration 60 -80 mg/L showed potential as an effective sanitizer for carved fruits and vegetables more so than both concentrations of NaOCl.

โครงการวิจัยเรื่องการยืออายุการเก็บรักษาผลิตภัณฑ์ผักผลไม้แกะสลักเพื่อการสร้างมูลค่าเพิ่ม มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาชนิดและรูปแบบผัก ผลไม้ แกะสลักที่เหมาะสมต่อการเพิ่มมูลค่า ศึกษากรรมวิธีการแปรรูปผักผลไม้แกะสลักที่เหมาะสมในการยืดอายุการเก็บรักษา และศึกษาอายุการเก็บรักษาผัก ผลไม้แกะสลักดองและผักผลไม้แกะสลักในภาชนะบรรจุในสภาพดัดแปลงบรรยากาศ ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ผักผลไม้แกะสลักที่เหมาะสมในการจัดเป็นชุดตกแต่งหัวจาน ได้แก่ แครอทและฟักทองแกะสลัก โดยแครอทเกะสลัก 2 รูปแบบ คือ ดอกกุหลาบและใบแบบฉลุ ฟักทองแกะสลักเป็นดอกผีเสื้อและใบแบบเซาะร่องใบ ผลการศึกษากรรมวิธีการแปรรูปพบว่า การเตรียมตัวอย่างโดยแซ่แครอทและฟักทองแกะสลักในสารละลายกรดซิตริกความเข้มข้นร้อยละ 1 เป็นเวลา 30 นาที แล้วแช่ในสารละลายแคลเซียมคลอไรด์ความเข้มข้นร้อยละ 1เป็นเวลา 30 นาที ให้ลักษณะด้านสีและเนื้อสัมผัส (ความกรอบ) ของแครอทและฟักทองแกะสลักดีกว่าการแช่ในสารละลายโปแตสเซียมเมตาไบซัลไฟต์ความเข็มข้นร้อยละ 0.1 และ 0.5 เป็นเวลา30 นาที ที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่นร้อยละ 95 การลวกในน้ำเดือดอุณหภูมิ 100 ซ เวลา 15 วินาทีให้ลักษะณะด้านสีดีกว่าแต่ให้ลักษณะด้านเนื้อสัมผัสด้อยกว่าการไม่ลวกที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่นร้อยละ 95