The purposes of the research were to create and find efficiency validation of computer assisted instruction focused on the micro structure of iron for the standard 80 / 80 and analyze the student learning achievement after using computer assisted instruction. The samples were the 20 first yearBachelor of Science in Technical Education students enrolled in Industrial Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon North Bangkok Campus. The Researcher experimented by using pretest and then using the computer assisted instruction focus on the micro structure of iron next the students did the posttest. After that the researcher calculated to find the computer assisted instruction efficiency and analyzed the students leaning achievement after studying. The result revealed that the computer assisted Instruction efficiency was efficient for standard 80 / 80. And after studying by using computer assisted instruction the students learning achievement increased significantly at 0.05.

The Research of this paper to propose the usage of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. and Samanea saman Merill are fast-growing commonly found in Thailand. However these species of wood could not be utilized as structural components either economically or safely due to the lack of recommended values for their engineering properties. Therefore the objective of this research was to study their physical and mechanical properties based on statistical data obtained from 11 series of tests in accordance with ASTM 0-143. 0-198 and 0-1037. The number of samples for each test was large enough to ensure 99% interval of confidence. Then goodness-of-fit tests were performed for each set of data to achieve at least 95% level of confidence. Buildings analyzed included residences offices and schools. The buildings were limited to two-storeyed buildings with f1oor-to-f1oor height of 3.00 meters. Given to joists and beams were simply supported. Values of structural reliability were obtained by using accurate methods. Results from testing showed that engineering properties of both species of wood could be represented well by normal distribution. Reliability analyses and designs of wood sections for joists. beams and columns showed that designs of Joists and beams wWe controlled by deflection; whereas those of columns were controlled by buckling. Based on these reasons the governing basic variable for designs of wood sections was the modulus of elasticity (E). If the accepted value of failure probability (P) for serviceability limit states was set to be 10-4. the corresponding upper limit coefficient of variation (COV) of E would be 0.269. Similarty if the accepted value of P for Ultimate limit states was set to be 10~. the corresponding upper limit COY of E would be 0.210. Since COY of E for both species of wood were lower than limit COY mentioned above. they could be used safely as structural components. Proposed design procedures were similar to Working Stress Methods. The only difference from E.I.T. standard was live load. Instead of nominal live loads for residence. office and school as stated In the Municipal law. mean Ifve loads based on data gathered in Thailand were recommended. Wood sections obtalnec from numerical procedures proposed were as large as those obtained from WCCAL Software. Furthennore recommended wood sections and factor of safety (FS) were summarized in appendices. It was also interesting to note that the value of E for compression and tension parallel to grain of both species of wood could be used to predict the corresponding value of E for bending.

The objective of this research is to find out the information on the base wage structure of labour with various education levels in different kinds of business or industries. Research methodology is the survey research which describes the situation of base wage structure in Lampang Province. The results of the research show that 1) large sized enterprises in ceramic industry 3 and 4 stars hotels super store have a wage structure for labour. 2) the medium or small sized enterprises do not have a wage structure for labour. Moreover wages depend on job description responsibility and the official minimum wage rate of Lampang Province. The base wage which labour received will be different according to the level of education type of business or industry size of firm in each business or industry.

The research involved the characterization of the properties of silver alloys -bearing copper and zinc. The alloys composed of 58.4% silver 20.85-41.76% copper and 0-20.83% zinc respectively. When comparing the characteristics of this alloy and sterling silver 925 the alloy specimen had mechanical properties better than the sterling silver 925. The alloy tests presenting the mechanical values of the hardness shear bond strength elasticity of the specimen were in a range of 54.6-95.3 HV1 209.5-379.3 MPa. 100.6-193.8 MPa. and 32.1-51.7% respectively. While the mechanical values of sterling silver 925 were 52.8 HV1 193.5MPa. 96.0 MPa. and 29.8% respectively. Besides these the microstructure of the alloy specimen showed the dendrite structure. We found that this structure decreased when the concentration copper in the specimen increased. After adding zinc into the alloys the high amount of zinc caused the zinc-rich (alpha) phase changed to Eutectic phase together with the significantly increased area of alpha phase. These effects therefore brought up the better various mechanical properties of the alloys. At the same time the another test specimen composed 58.67% Ag 39.20% Cu and 2.14% zinc. The color level of this specimen was close typically to the sterling silver 925 with the difference of Da at 0.236 and Db only at 5.268. Additionally the higher copper concentration in the alloy provided a value tentatively increased but b value decreased. However more remarkable results were that the zinc showed opposite effects from the copper.

In this paper the effects of carbonation on pore structure of blended pozzolan cement pastes were investigated. Ordinary Portland cement _OPC_ was partially replaced with ground palm oil fuel ash _POA_ ground rice husk ash _RHA_ and classified fine fly ash _FA_. The strength total porosity specific surface area and pore size distribution were tested. In general incorporation of pozzolans increased the total porosity of blended cement pastes in comparison to that of OPC paste. Carbonation of pastes under 5% CO2 and 50% relative humidity _RH_ for 28 days resulted in filling of the pore voids and possible attack on calcium silicate hydrate _CSH_ depending on the type of pozzolan used. After carbonation total porosity decreased and specific surface areas of the blended pozzolan cement pastes reduced indicating the infilling of voids. Pore size distributions of POA and RHA pastes were different to those of FA pastes. Large pores of the POA and RHA pastes were increased indicating coarsening of pores owing to possible attack on CSH. It is possible that POA and RHA were highly reactive and hence their uses resulting in severe carbonation compared to use of FA.