Nowadays the majority of environment problem is pollution of vehicle including the noise of engine combustion. For this reason this thesis aims to compare and study the parameters which affect noise reduction on exhaust pipe. Not only reduce the noise pollution but also maintain the efficiency of the engine. These two substances must be considered. Therefore the researcher emphasized to study the parameters on 3 types of muffler with an equal volume: direct reverse and offset type of mufflers. Initiated by data collection the pressure and the velocity in muffler at the speed of engine at 1000 RPM (slow-running engine mode) and 4000 RPM (maximum running engine mode) were investigated. The data were applied into the program that called “SolidWorks” in order to study parameters. In this step the relation between the pressure and velocity of exhaust were represented. In addition the muffler models were selected to manufacture and test by the standard of The Department of Land Transport. As a result there are two major parameters of the muffler. Firstly the metamorphism of the exhaust gas flow direction pleasurably causes the lower noise at the speed of engine at 1000 RPM. Besides an increase of the flow gas distance can diminish noise at the speed of engine at 4000 RPM as well. However this muffler models were tested under the working mode of catalytic device that is standard equipment for automotive vehicles.

A yield trial of 8 Karen type chilli varieties in 2 cultivated systems was studied under intercropping with corn and monocropping. Row spacing and tree spacing was 0.4 m x 0.8 m. for single-row. In paired-row used row and tree spacing was 0.4 m. x 0.6 m. From June 2011 to May 2012 at the Agricultural Technology Research Institute Lampang Province. Data of plant growth and yield were also collected. Results plant growth of the single-row intercropping gave average of plant height 57.2cm. Plant width of paired-row averaged 59.1 cm. Yield of the single-row of the ‘Khiri rat 4’ and ‘Khiri rat 7’ gave 0.37 and 0.36 ton per rai respectively. Paired–row of ‘Khiri rat 3’ and ‘Khiri rat 5’ were yielded 0.70 and 0.66 ton per rai. Monocropping of ‘Khiri rat 8’ gave 0.34 ton per rai of fresh yield. In addition yield was significantly different statistically among varieties Paried-row was the highest fresh yield of the systems.

Electronic load is an importance part of power supplies testing system. For non-electronic load type it is required to replace a resister with a new one leading to complicated working procedure. The modern power electronic technology is employ to solve this problem. The electronic load can vary the value following user command. Imported electronic load is costly leading Thailand to have a balance of trade deficit. This article proposes design and implement of an economical cost 30V 1 k DC-Electronic Load controlled by Microcontroller. The tested results can confirm the validity of this proposed electronic load

The article aims to discuss the concept of poverty mapping the benef it of poverty mapping and the methodology of poverty mapping including data and analysis. The last section provides the summary of poverty mapping in Thailand. The conceptual approach of poverty mapping is based on several environmental assessments and spatial analysis that will help policy makers to better evaluate ongoing regional policies by retrieving a wide range of information

งานวิจัยนี้นำเสนอการสร้างตัวตรวจจับไร้สาย (Wireless sensor) แบบอัตราต่ำ (Low rate) ที่มีขนาดเล็กราคาไม่แพง ภายในมีส่วนประมวลผล ส่วนติดต่อสื่อสารและส่วนตรวจจับ (Sensing Device) เพื่อใช้ในระบบการเฝ้าสังเกต และตรวจจับการเกิดน้ำท่วม โดยนำมาใช้กับเครือข่ายตรวจจับไร้สาย (Wireless sensor networks : WSN) ข่อจำกัดของตัวตรวจจับอยู่ที่พลังงาน ระยะทางในการติดต่อสื่อสาร และความสามารถในการประมวลผล แต่จะทำงานร่วมกันเป็นเครือข่ายขนาดใหญ่ เพื่อตรวจจับเหตุการณ์ที่ต้องการในพื้นที่ขนาดใหญ่ ที่มีการเข้าถึงลำบากหรือต้องเสี่ยงภัย มีการรับส่งข้อมูลจากจุดตรวจจับ (Sensor Nods) แต่ละจุดรวบรวมและส่งต่อข้อมูลเพื่อนำไปประมวลผลหรือใช้ในการเตือนภัย ในขั้นต้นของการทดลองจะสร้างโนด และหาเปอร์เซ็นต์ของการรับส่งระหว่างโนดหลัก และโนดย่อย