The objectives of this research are to study the production step proper ratio physical properties mechanical properties thermal insulation and sound insulation efficiency of concrete blocks mixed with coconut shell ash. The ratios of concrete block mixed with coconut shell ash include Portland cement type1: quarry dust: coconut shellash which equal to 1: 6.8: 0.2 1: 6.7: 0.3 1: 6.6: 0.4 1: 6.5: 0.5 and 1: 6.4: 0.6 by weight. Water per cement ratio are 0.6 by weight. The concrete block samples were casted by the general production as same as the ordinary concrete blocks and were tested follow TIS.58. From the results the best amount of coconut shell ash which put into concrete block is 1: 6.7: 0.3 of ratio. The proper ratios of coconut shell ash can decrease the density or weight and increase the thermal insulation and sound insulation efficiency of concrete blocks. However the high amounts of coconut shell ash effect to decrease the mechanical properties concrete blocks that are lower than TIS.58 standard.

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of a safety system provided for column reinforcement activity on productivity by studying a construction of buildings in Bangkok. The safety system composed of (1) stable scaffolding system (2) providing clean and not slip walkways on the scaffold (3) installation of handrails not less than 0.90 meters in height (4) installing stairs and (5) providing personal protective equipment for workers. Cost of the safety system is 40030 baht for a column reinforcement area of 40 numbers. Productivity rates for prior and after the used of safety system are 11.06 and 8.80 kg./person/hr. respectively. The productivity declines for approximately 20.43 % the working time for column reinforcement could take longer for 13.18 % and labor cost could increase for 13.32 %.

In this study we investigated on the mechanical properties and physical properties of light weight block mixed with banana fibers. For the cost effective purpose and environmental friendly product banana fibers which is rich in fiber was used as a precursor in producing light weight block. In this framework a series of blocks were fabricated using banana fibers for instead different raw material involve cement and sand for 28 days incubation. The result show that the block with mix banana fiber was replaced cement in 2.5 %wt has the density value and compressive strength is 1376 kg/m3 and 62.25 kg/cm3 respectively. While water absorption and the maximum shrinkage limit value are 32.86 % and 0.12 % respectively were obtain from the samples mixing 7.5% of banana fibers. After examination of of Thai Industrial Standard (TIS 1505- 2541) the result illustrated the value are standard. It can be concluded that the light weight block mixed banana fibers in ratio of sand: cement: lime: gypsum: aluminum powder: banana fibers are 50: 27.5 : 9 : 9 : 2 : 2.5 will also be used as an alternative precursor materials for producing the light weight block by natural raw materials for cost effective purpose.

The purpose of this research is to study the construction safety system for working at height. The safety system for working at height in this research is predetermined by department of labour protection and welfare and safety and health at work promotion association (Thailand). The safety system composed of (1) safety policy (2) safety organization (3) prevention measure (4) risk analysis (5) training (6) safety inspection (7) accident report and (8) emergency planning.

This research aims to produce scrap page kaolin of brick construction. The kaolin clay ratio of 100: 0 80:20 60:40 50:50 40:60 20:80 and 0: 100 by volume Add mixed with rice husk and rice 15 percent by weight A total of seven ratios. According to standard tests or TIS. 77-2545 ordinary story brick building. The moisture content and water absorption is increasing. While density Thermal conductivity resistance flexural and compressive strength tends to decrease. The best ratio of 80:20 by volume with compressive strength 43.16 kg / cm 2 and 24.93 percent water absorption. Criteria standard of TIS. 77-2545 requiring compressive strength not less than 35 kg / cm2 and water absorption must not be higher than 25 percent. Can be used in the manufacture of brick construction including building decorative wall can be developed into products. Because skin color and beautiful