The aim of this study was to synthesize a non-halogen phosphate based flame retardant by using chitosan and phosphate compound as substances. The P-N synergistic effect was required in this study. After synthesizing the flame retardant was coated on cotton fabric by dipping then the fabric was tested for flame retardant properties compared to untreated cotton fabric. The three products with N and P in structure were gained by synthesis and confirmed by H-NMR spectroscopy. The time of combustion raised from 14 seconds in untreated cotton to 21 seconds in cotton that treated by product No. 2. Next the mechanical properties of treated cotton fabric are going to measure and the variation of techniques to apply flame retardant on fabric surface is going to test.

In this study we investigated on the mechanical properties and physical properties of light weight block mixed with banana fibers. For the cost effective purpose and environmental friendly product banana fibers which is rich in fiber was used as a precursor in producing light weight block. In this framework a series of blocks were fabricated using banana fibers for instead different raw material involve cement and sand for 28 days incubation. The result show that the block with mix banana fiber was replaced cement in 2.5 %wt has the density value and compressive strength is 1376 kg/m3 and 62.25 kg/cm3 respectively. While water absorption and the maximum shrinkage limit value are 32.86 % and 0.12 % respectively were obtain from the samples mixing 7.5% of banana fibers. After examination of of Thai Industrial Standard (TIS 1505- 2541) the result illustrated the value are standard. It can be concluded that the light weight block mixed banana fibers in ratio of sand: cement: lime: gypsum: aluminum powder: banana fibers are 50: 27.5 : 9 : 9 : 2 : 2.5 will also be used as an alternative precursor materials for producing the light weight block by natural raw materials for cost effective purpose.

This research work was to study the effect of surface treatment of natural fiber and the effects of type and content of natural fiber on the development of acoustic material from natural rubber foam /natural fiber composites. The surface treatment used for this research work was sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment. NaOH Concentrations and treatment times were varied from 0 to 15 %wt. and 0 to 30 min respectively. Natural fibers used for this work were bagasse fiber (BF) and oil palm fiber (OPF). The suitable condition for surface treatment was estimated by fiber length and diameter (L/D) ratio and morphology of natural fiber. The result suggested that L/D ratios tended to increase when NaOH concentrations and/or treatment times increased except for NaOH concentration of 15 %wt. L/D ratios of OPF after surface treatment were changed more than those of BF. The suitable conditions of NaOH treatment for BF and OPF were NaOH concentration of 10 %wt. and surface treatment times of 30 and 10 min respectively. The effects of fiber type and content on sound absorption properties of natural rubber foam /natural fiber composites were investigated by cell characteristics sound absorption coefficient DMA analysis and bulk density. Both treated BF and OPF with suitable treatment condition were varied from content of 0.0 to 10.0 %wt. The result showed that the cell size of composites tended to decrease with addition of natural fiber whereas number of foam cell per unit volume increased. After adding natural fiber more than 2.5 %wt. cell size of composite foam and number of foam cell per unit volume tended to change the inverse direction. Natural fiber in composites enhanced the sound absorption efficiency. Sound absorption coefficient of composites adding BF was more than that of composite adding OPF. The addition of natural fiber enhanced the elasticity of composites and that increased sound absorption efficiency. NaOH treatment led to creation of strong interfacial bonding between natural fiber and natural rubber and enhanced the sound absorption efficiency. Density of NR composite foam increased with increasing natural fiber content.

The objective of this research project is to develop an effectively applicable prevention of heat for concrete masonry unit wall. By using kaolin mixture coir rice straw and husk as a major ingredient in concrete to replacing usual stone dust the hollow non-load-bearing concrete masonry units obtained had the size of 70 X 190 X 390 mm. The test results showed that the reliably ideal ratio of these mixture materials had to be from the combination of kaolin coir rice straw and husk by replacing them at 5%: 5%: 15% and 50/0. The block obtained also had other certain qualifications such as Weight at 6.08 kg. water absorption at 7.96% and compressive strength at 65.4 ksc. Moreover these combined materials harbored heat capacity less than the standard concrete masonry units with the weight not more than 29%.

This research aimed to study the marketing of handicrafts from sugar palm fiber and the strategies to enhance compatible marketing and study sugar palm fiber products market and analyze the competition to increase the potential in the handicraft market competition. The methodology used was qualitative research using identified sampling by interviewing the group leaders and the members of local community enterprises who produce handicrafts from sugar palm fiber in four areas in Amphur Sathing-Pha Songkhla Province. The result revealed that there were two kinds of products from sugar palm fiber: weaved and wickerwork and using the products as decorating items to create various style of handicrafts. The marketing of the products composed of selling in festivals made to order and consignment. The main compatible advantages were costing strategies differentiating and Niche or Focus strategy. The palm fiber entrepreneur has high opportunity to succeed due to the increasing potential competition ability. Further more promotion and OTOP products development can make value added to entrepreneurs for sustainability in competition.