This research studied combined toxicities of 4 generally found Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - anthracene fluorene fluoranthene and phenanthrene – during growth of 3 legume seedlings - cow pea mungbean and longbean - planted in varied combination of PAH contaminant in soil. Results showed that mungbean growth was more sensitive to PAH co-contaminated soil than cow pea and longbean. Co-contamination of all 4 PAHs was more toxic to legume than each pair of PAHs. Shoot length and fresh weight of legume seedling were more sensitive to co-contamination of all 4 PAHs than root length. Dry weight of legume seedling was the least sensitive to co-contamination of all PAHs.

This research aims to develop software defect tracking and management system for faster performance of software development team. The proposed system will allow the team to interact with each other more effectively in each software project which can lead to better communication and minimal misunderstanding. The advantage of the research is to simplify the software defect tracking and management system. Software development team who works in medium software company was interviewed to gather requirements of the system. Agile methodology was used in the system development process. Evaluation of the developed system was performed through test cases and users satisfaction. Results of the research indicate that the development team was satisfied with this system in high level. Furthermore this system could reduce the duration of defect tracking and management by more than 15 percent. However online user manual should be provided for faster study and practice with the system.

The three types of Hamiltonian describing photon-photon and photon-phonon interactions within an optical ring resonator in which quantum noise in fiber optics is generated are given. The Markov-Born approximation and +P representation of photon states in phase space are used in order to eliminate the reservoir state variables by substituting all into the master equation to get the coresponding Fokker-Planck equation. The corresponding Langevin equation describing evolution of quantum states of an entangled photon is analyzed. The optimum results show that the occuring quantum noise can be reduced from the three main parameters where the surviving polarized entangled photon can propagate in the fiber optic system for a long time until photon processings are attained.

The objective of this research is to use mangosteen shell that from household wastes for produce the fuel briquette. This fuel is used in terms of renewable energy which instead of firewood and charcoal from natural forest. We used the adhesive paste as a binder and briquette with hand pack filler. The results showed that the mangosteen shell can be burned to charcoal black and lightweight. By grinding mangosteen charcoal into small size these charcoals were mixing with the paste. We have to compress the mixing charcoal molded into fuel briquettes. These briquettes are performed the stable and non-broken products. After sun drying the results of potential energy testing showed that the calorific value 5920 cal/g combustion rate 11.8 g/min fixed carbon content 61.7% and ash content 7%. For the combustion efficiency testing our fuel briquette could be performed cooking as well non-explosion high combustible non-soot non-smoke and non-odors during used. These fuel briquettes are suitable for fuel products in household community or commercial production and industrial. Due to these advantages our briquettes are possibly to instead of firewood and charcoal from natural forest which can be reduced the global warming by another way.

According to the studying this research absorbance detection system for flow injection analysis system was constructed by using syringe pump so the problem of bubbles in the system was solved successfully. The principle of the test-kit based on pushing the solutions into the system using double two ml syringe pumps. The solutions were mixed at mixing coil then the solution of the sample was inserted automatically by using six-port-valve. The detector was built from light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) with the wavelength at 620 nm. The product solution in cuvette was exposure then the light energy was transferred to electric current by photo-diode. The electricity was changed to voltage to micro-controller. The absorbance was calculated. The results absorbance and flow rate were controlled by utilization of Labview software. The absorbance of the samples from the developed system was compared to the commercial spectrophotometer. The mean absolute percentage error of the flow rate was 1.2%.