The potential of extracts of the Ficus hispida Linn to inhibit germination and growth of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) a common weed in rice. The bark leaves and fruit of F. hispida isolated by the Maceration and extracted by the polarity of the solvent (Sequential Extraction) with organic solvents such as hexane ethyl acetate and methanol when each part of the crude extract was tested the type of phytochemical tested for germinate inhibition root length inhibition stem length inhibition and dry weight inhibition of barnyardgrass and selected extracts with highest inhibition to separation using column chromatography the fractions tested repeating. The results showed that 1. Crude methanolic extracts from the bark leaves and fruit of barnyardgrass at a concentration of 3000 ppm showed highest inhibited percentage of germinate inhibition root length inhibition stem length inhibition and dry weight inhibition. 2. Fractions methanolic extracts from the bark leaves and fruit of barnyardgrass on a separate with column chromatography found that fractions extracts F5 F8 and F2 showed highest inhibited percentage of germinate inhibition root length inhibition stem length inhibition and dry weight inhibition.

The study used the bark leaves and fruit of Ficus hispida Linn to separation by Maceration and sequential extraction method with hexane ethyl acetate and methanol to crude extracts. Crude extracts were assessed for their antioxidant activities tested using DPPH radical scavenging assay total phenolic contents tested using the Folin–Ciocalteu method cytotoxic activity against oral cavity cancer (KB) human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cancer cell lines tested using the resazurin microplate assay (REMA). The results showed that 1. Crude methanol extracts from the fruit exhibited free radical scavenging effect on the DPPH assay with IC50 value of 27 g/ml with the total phenolic contents value of 102.39 mg GAE/g dw of standard BHT. 2. Crude hexane extracts from the bark showed highest inhibited the growth of Vibrio paraheamolyticus crude ethyl acetate extracts from the bark showed highest inhibited the growth of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 27175 and crude methanol extracts from the leaves showed highest inhibited the growth of Vibrio cholerae most with MIC value of 7.80 g/ml. 3. Crude ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from F. Hispida exhibited inhibitory effect against oral cavity cancer (KB) human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. These data support traditional uses of F. Hispida in folk medicine

Weather predictions by an atmospheric model are determined by the uncertainties in the initial condition and the imperfection of the model. It is difficult to provide accurate weather prediction. The efficiency of weather predictions model is obtained from the analyses of Lyapunov exponent. In addition the predictability measurements is applied from Lyapunov exponent are finite size Lyapunov exponent finite time Lyapunov exponent local Lyapunov exponent together with a new method called supremum Lyapunov exponent are used to measure predictability of the northeast monsoon (winter monsoon) by the Educational Global Climate Model (EdGCM) and to test sensitivity of the model to small initial perturbations. The EdGCM sensitive to initial perturbations it is suitable for predictability of the northeast monsoon. The EdGCM is run for 142-year predictions from the year 1958 to 2100. However only the outputs of geopotential height at 500hPa of December from 2012 to 2100 are used for predictability measurement. The results show that the EdGCM predictability for the northeast monsoon forecast is about 120 years. So the EdGCM can be predictability of the long range forecast. Supremum Lyapunov Exponent Click to buy NOW! PDF-XChange Viewer www.docu-track.com Click to buy NOW! PDF-XChange Viewer www.docu-track.com

Biomass yield between 56 accessions of leucaena were observed at Suwanvajokkasikit Field Crops Research Station Nakhonratchasima province. Randomized block design was used with 3 replications and 56 accessions as treatments. Leucaena was harvested at 2 years of age. Plant length wood yield branch yield and leaf yield were collected. Averaged plant length was in range of 6.84-11.87 meters with KU19 was highest in length. Five accessions that produced more wood yield were KU15 KU38 KU1 KU19 and KU10. Yield of these accessions were 24.07 21.96 16.71 15.36 and 14.95 t/rai with ash content at 1.43 1.04 1.76 3.66 and 1.34 percent respectively while native leucaena (KU20) had the lowest yield (0.91 t/rai). Branch yield among the accessions; KU1 KU10 KU38 KU 15 and KU19 had the greatest branch yield averaged 3.04 2.76 1.62 1.42 and 1.38 t/rai respectively. While top five in leaf yields were in KU15 KU56 KU45 KU39 and KU19 at 1.12 1.11 0.88 0.87 and 0.86 t/rai respectively.

The purpose of this study was to study the history of a cultural architecture resources and environment in the local community. The history that found was used to be information to find the development of potentiality of cultural tourism to carry on the cultural activity which related to the local community to encourage local people to beneficially manage the resources and to accommodate the tourism in Nan local government. All of these operations were focused on the cooperation of monks and local people by debating. This study collected data by using random survey questionnaire of local people tourists and tour guides. Moreover the interview of local instructors local people and other people was also used in this study. The development of the potentiality of cultural tourism at Wat Satharot still need help from government by adding a streetcar park at Wat Satharot and promoting a tourist attractions in variety of advertisement. The local people combine in to community to manage the tourism. For tour guides and tourists they need some souvenir shop and antique and beautiful sightseeing.