The dyeing industry both of business size and household size where the remaining water from the dyeing process is dumped into pipes and flows into natural water sources causing sewage problems. Therefore a column type wastewater treatment system has been developed by using a filtration system along with an adsorption system. The materials used to treat the wastewater from dyeing are gravel sand charcoal from wood and activated carbon from coconut shell. The study was conducted on the synthesis activated carbon from coconut shell using for color and molecules adsorption. The amount of activated carbon from coconut shell was varied at 200 400 600 and 800 g applying with filter media and other adsorption materials taking 1 hour to treat the wastewater from dyeing. The parameter using to measure water quality consisted of color value pH suspended solids conductivity turbidity value COD and TKN to indicate the water quality before and after treatment evaluating the efficiency of the wastewater treatment system. The best ratio that can treat the color is the formula containing 800 g of coconut shell activated carbon. It was able to treat the color equal to 5.94 SU or 99.43 percent compared to the wastewater before treatment.

This research aims to produce activated carbon from molasses via a chemical activation process with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and a microwave heating process which consumes less energy and provides more rapid and uniform heat distribution than a conventional heating. The obtained activated carbon was then characterized with BET SEM and FTIR. It exhibited a large specific surface area of 1631 m2/g and a total pore volume of 1.124 cm3/g consisting of mesopore and micropore. In addition the active functional groups were also found on the surface of the activated carbon. Thus it was brought for the adsorption test with methylene blue. It was found that the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon increased with time and reached the equilibrium within 8 hours. The adsorption data of the activated carbon were corresponded to Langmuir isotherm with the highest adsorption capacity of 370.37 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic of the activated carbon exhibited pseudo-second order reaction suggesting to the chemisorption phenomenon. From the thermodynamic study it revealed that the adsorption process were endothermic and spontaneous reactions.

Dyes contaminated in wastewater that negatively affecting the environment and human health. The objectives of this study to prepare activated carbon from Salacca zalacca (Sumalee) seeds activated by 36 mmol/g KOH dye solution and activated carbon ratio 20:32 ml/g for dye removal. The influents of dye removal from wastewater by Salacca zalacca (Sumalee) seeds activated carbon were investigated as initial dye concentration activated carbon and dye solution ratio and contraction time. The moisture content the iodine number the methylene blue index and the functional groups by FTIR technique of the Salacca zalacca (Sumalee) activated carbon were characterized and the kinetics adsorption were also analyzed. The results showed that the activated carbon was the microporous material the highest dye removal from wastewater was 7.50 ± 0.25 mg/g the equilibrium time was 150 min with the activated carbon to dye solution ratio of 1:500 g/ml for 200 mg/l initial concentration. The kinetics of the adsorption process can be described by a pseudo-second order model (R2 = 0.9999). When increasing the initial concentration of dyes the adsorption efficiency was increased. The amount of activated carbon increased resulting in lower adsorption efficiency and the equilibrium time was longer

The purpose of this research work was to synthesize titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon and used it as a catalyst for dye decolorisation. The effect of preparing factors on titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon such as calcinations temperature and the amount of carbon supports were investigated at 300 400 and 500OC and in range of 5-30 percent by weight respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was used to detect the crystal structure of prepared catalysts. It was found that all peaks were anatase phase. The morphology of these catalysts was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques. The results showed regularly distribution of titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon. The particle size of obtained catalysts was 5-10 nm. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) technique was analyzed physical characteristic of catalysts. The specific surface area average pore diameter and pore volume of catalysts was 151.02-784.13 m2/g 26.94-64.35 and 0.24-0.55 cm3/g respectively. Furthermore the activity of obtained catalyst was carried out by using these catalysts to decolourise dye aqueous solution. The titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon 20 percent by weight can obtain 99.78% decolourisation at dye concentration 75 mg/L catalyst concentration 0.5 g/L within 90 minute. Comparison with titanium dioxide P25 (commercial grade) titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon has higher ability. This is because it was not only photocatalytic reaction but it was also absorption