The attempt to fabricate gold films on glass slide (Au/glass) and silicon wafer (Au/Si) with gold leaf was unsuccessful due to poor adhesion between the gold leaf and substrates. Alternatively Au/glass and Au/Si films were fabricated by placing the substrate into the free space within sputtering chamber to collect the access Au vapor during the typical sputtering process for other samples. In this study the physical changes were observed in both Au/glass and Au/Si film under the film annealing from 300⁰C-700⁰C. The visual inspection via cell phone camera the micrograph via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) revealed the morphological changes with respect the annealing temperature in Au films due to solid state dewetting mechanism. The changes were more pronounce in Au/glass films than Au/Si films at the same annealing temperature. The X-ray diffraction measurement three phases of Au including Au(111) Au(200) and Au(220) in Au/glass films and one phase of Au(111) in Au/silicon films. The concentration and single crystallinity of Au(111) were increased with respect to annealing temperature in Au/glass film. For Au/Si films the concentration and single crystallinity of Au(111) were decreased at 300⁰C and then were increased at 700⁰C respectively. The physical changes of Au films are likely due to the movement of Au atoms via solid state dewetting and recrystallization. The heat intake from annealing process is likely induced the dewetting process by increasing the kinetic energy of Au atoms. While the recrystallization process is likely occur during the cooling period of the samples. Finally another factor that can affects the physical changes of Au films is the interface interaction between Au films and substrates.

Development of handicraft products from vetiver leaves have a purpose 1) to study the original products of manufacturers of vetiver handicraft products Huai Khayeng Subdistrict Thong Pha Phum District Kanchanaburi Province 2) to study the development process of vetiver leaf products to be beautiful and suitable for the needs of the market by the cooperation of the people in the vetiver grass product group Huai Khayeng Subdistrict Thong Pha Phum District Kanchanaburi Province to be a model for creating and processing vetiver products Mixing other plant fibers to build a stronger community the sample group consisted of people in Huai Khayeng sub-district. Thong Pha Phum District Kanchanaburi Province 155 people were randomly sampled from Krejcie & Morgans ready-made tables. Inquire to obtain the needs of consumers and meet the needs of the market. then evaluate the product model by village sages who participated in the processing of community products 3 people 3 design experts to assess the suitability of the model in the application of the product. Then the prototype has been created. Evaluate the level of consumer opinion towards handicraft products from vetiver leaves water hyacinth leaves locally grown plants and vetiver fibers. to get modern beautiful products Can be clearly designed to conduct research as a qualitative and quantitative research in parallel using questionnaires and interviews. satisfaction assessment form as a research tool to collect information considering suitability from experts and satisfaction from the audience. The data were analyzed using mean percentage and standard deviation (SD). The results of the research were as follows: 1) Community people and community leaders have opinions on the old products that are not up to date and that there is a need for vetiver fiber products. hyacinth fiber blender fibers to be developed into products made from vetiver leaves the most followed by womens bags and hats and so on respectively. 2) The results of the analysis of the design process and product development process different product forms that has been designed and developed by using the production methods such as knitting wrapping weaving twisting and binding there is no vetiver fiber weaving method yet. There is only the weaving of Karen cotton. that makes it suitable for use suitable for materials and production methods. It is beautiful and unique pattern at a high level and the results of the analysis of the level of public opinion in the community towards handicraft products made from vetiver leaves and blended with other fibers were appropriate. The physical utility is appropriate. User were satisfied at a high level followed by the beauty of shape and details can express modern. have suggestions want products that are up-to-date different from locally available products and need experts speakers come to train and fund to create sustainable products. can build a career Continuously generate income for the community forever.

This research aimed to: 1) develop an elderly quality of life promotion model for self-reliance through community product processing: 2) develop community product processing to promote income of the elderly and: 3) promote coexistence activities among the elderly. The research was qualitative research using document examination an in-depth interview with 10 key informants group discussion and non-participant observation. The results showed that: 1) the development of an elderly quality of life promotion model for self-reliance through community product processing encouraged the participation in the community product processing among the elderly: 2) the community products were processed in the community to promote income for the elderly and: 3) the community in collaboration with the municipality promoted the coexistence of the elderly. A new model discovered from the development of quality of life using processing community products was an integration of community knowledge management in processing community products based on the sufficiency economy philosophy. This research led to new the findings as follows. 1) The community participation from the associates included community municipality government organizations educational institutes and supporting organizations. 2) The products focused on herbal products for the elderly that were found in the households easily found and were medicinal plants for cooking such as Moringa lemongrass pandanus Indian Gooseberry etc. 3) The guidelines for promoting activities in coexistence of the elderly included elderly school activities volunteer activities Buddhist important day activities traditional activities and community enterprise members.

The purposes of this research were 1) to study of personal factors of the elderly in ChomThong District Bangkok 2) to study the perception of information about the new strain of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) 3) to study the adjustment in purchasing food for the new normal of the elderly 4) to study the relationship between personal factors and the adjustments in purchasing food for the new normal of the elderly and 5) to study the relationship between information perception about the new strain of coronavirus disease 2019 and the adaptation to purchasing food in the new normal of the elderly. The sample group consisted of 400 people including the elderly living in Chomthong District Bangkok. The samples were obtained by random sampling method and collected at convenience. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The statistical analysis was frequency percentage and chi-square. The results showed that 1) personal factors of the elderly in ChomThong District Bangkok found that most of the women are single aged between 6 0 -6 5 years. The education level is at the elementary education level with an average income of not more than 5000 baht/month. 2) The perception of information about the new strain of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) revealed that most of the elderly had received the source of information from the COVID-19 Situation Administration Center Ministry of Health. For the channel of perception of information perceived by television. The awareness of the vaccine used to prevent the 2019 new strain of coronavirus found the most information about the AstraZeneca vaccine. 3) Adaptation in purchasing food in the new normal for the elderly in ChomThong District Bangkok in the situation of the epidemic of the new strain of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) found that the elderly had to change their behavior in leaving the house to buy food by protecting themselves before leaving the house every time by wearing a mask or cloth mask and using alcohol gel. Types of food that are chosen to buy according to the new normal for the elderly is fresh meat one dish dry food and semi-finished food ready-to-cook or ready-to-eat food frozen foods include frozen meat products water and various kinds of Thai desserts. The elderly will buy food from vendors who are dressed properly wear clean aprons wear masks and wear gloves while picking up food and buy food for themselves at the market near the house. The cost of purchasing food per time is between 201-300 baht. 4) Personal factors were related to the adaptation in purchasing food according to the new normal of the elderly in ChomThong District Bangkok had a statistically significant level of .05. 5) The perception of information about the new strain of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) is related to the adaptation in purchasing food according to the new normal of the elderly in ChomThong District Bangkok statistically significant at .05 except for the source of information on the outbreak of new strain of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the perception of information about the new strain of coronavirus vaccine. 2019 (COVID–19)

Purpose of this Using dried bananas to replace in Kanom Thong Muan the objective is to study the basic formula for Kanom Thong Muan in 3 formula and to study Using dried bananas to replace in Kanom Thong Muan were basic formula replace 20% 40% and60% By planning randomized complete block design (RCBD) and evaluating sensory quality in appearance (thin consistent) color odor taste texture (crumbly) and overall preference with the use of tasting methods for 9-Point Hedonic Scale. The study the basic formula for Kanom Thong Muan By allowing 40 tasters and the study this Using dried bananas to replace in Kanom Thong Muan By allowing 80 tasters to be undergraduates in foods and nutrition Faculty of Home Economics Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Phranakhon. Take average data (Mean) analyze variance (Analysis of Variance ANOVA) and compare different mean values (Duncan’s New Multiple Test DMRT) The results of the 3 basic formulas of Kanom Thong Muan namely formula 1 formula 2 formula 3 found that the tasting person accepted the formula 1 in appearance (thin consistent) color odor taste texture (crumbly) and overall preference. Average 8.20 7.90 7.85 8.05 8.30 and 8.15 respectively when analyzed Variance and comparison of differences found that appearance (thin consistent) color odor taste texture (crumbly) and overall preference There are significant differences at the level of 0.05. The results of the study of the amount of dried bananas that replaced sugar in 4 formula found that the tasting person accepted the formula replace 20% in appearance (thin consistent) color odor taste texture (crumbly) and overall preference average of 8.09 8.00 7.80 7.83 8.09 and 8.00 respectively when analyzed (3) Variance and comparison of statistical differences found that appearance (thin consistent) color odor taste texture (crumbly) and overall preference There are significant differences at the level of 0.05.