This research project aimed to test the mechanical properties and the capability in wear resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite as well as determine the optimal formulation of UHMWPE-based composites which had a main component of aluminum oxide. The developed formula was used in the manufacture of run-flat wheels and thus applied to build run-flat wheels with an understanding of the proper molding conditions under the run-flat wheel forming process. Two materials used in the research consisted of super-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as the base material and the additive of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). The parameters employed in the hot compression process to obtain the specimen for the experiment consisted of compressive force temperature time and the ratio between super-high molecular weight polyethylene and aluminum oxide. The test for mechanical properties consisted of an impact test a hardness test according to the ASTM D2240 standard a tensile test according to the ASTM D638 standard type I and a wear test according to the ASTM G77 standard. The results indicated that a hot compression condition under a pressure of 5 MPa a temperature of 210°C for 90 min and using 5% Al2O3 HTM 30 material caused mixed uneven powder particle sizes between 2 to 5 µm. The tensile test results inferred the yield strength of 20.52 MPa ultimate tensile strength at 29.96 MPa breaking strength at 22.83 MPa elongation at break at 265.8% and modulus of elasticity at 784.46 MPa. The highest hardness was 62 shore D the high impact strength was 586.8 J/m and it was displayed for the wear rate of hot compression specimens made of UHMWPE mixed with 5% HTM-30. Moreover it introduced a coefficient of friction the wear rate and the density of 0.12 8.66E-11 mm3/N.m and 1.2446958 g/cm3 respectively.

In conducting the research on Material Science two composite materials ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) powder were formulated by hot compression molding process. The formulated materials demonstrated good mechanical properties and high wear resistance properties. Based on the studies the Al2O3 grade selected was Al2O3 HTM 30 harboring mixed uneven powder particle sizes ranging from 2 to 5 microns (μm) and selected proportion of Al2O3 alloy mixed for improving mechanical and wear resistance properties of the UHMWPE composite material was the UHMWPE+Al2O3 HTM 30 at a ratio of 95:5%. When considering both material properties and cost effectiveness in the impact test 2-5 μm Al2O3 HTM carried the higher impact strength than other aluminum oxide grades with the values up to 586.8 J/m at a ratio of 5% aluminum oxide. The hardness test of the 2-5 μm UHMWPE+ Al2O3 HTM delivered the hardness at 58.8 using the standard durometer. The tensile test values consisted of Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength Breaking Strength Elongation at Break and Modulus of elasticity equal to 20.52 MPa 29.96 MPa 22.83 MPa 265.8% and 784.46 MPa respectively.

The aims of this research work were to enhance the impact resistance and processibilty of wheat gluten (WG) by the addition of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) compared to glycerol. This work was divided into two parts: to study the optimum ENR content for improvement of WG and the effect of together functions between ENR and glycerol on the properties of WG. Tested specimens were mixed and prepared by internal mixer and compression molding machine respectively. ENR and glycerol were varied from 10 to 40 phr. The effects of modifier types and contents on WG were evaluated by tensile impact and water absorption testing and thermal analysis. Fracture behavior and rubber dispersion were investigate with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result revealed that the increase of ENR or Glycerol contents led to the decreases in tensile modulus and strength except for modifier content of 10 phr whereas elongation at break and impact strength increased. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of modified WG tended to decreased with the increase of ENR or glycerol contents especially for glycerol. The presence of glycerol affected on the decomposition temperature (Td) values but those were unchanged for case of ENR. Water resistant of WG specimen was improved by the presence of ENR whereas the increase of glycerol led to weight loss at immersion time of 2880 min. For the effect of ENR : glycerol ratios it indicated that glycerol enhanced tensile resistances but suppressed impact and water resistances of modified WG by ENR. Sizes and dispersion of ENR particles were improved by the addition of glycerol. Tg and Td values of modified WG by ENR and glycerol increased when ENR fractions were increased.

This research to examine the structure and mechanical properties of aluminum dross. A research project knowledge the aim is to study the microstructure and the mechanical properties of materials. The research is divided into two parts: 1 . preparation aluminum dross material and 2. to determine the structure and mechanical properties. The material must be washed in preparation contamination and dry then crushed and sifted to 200 mesh. Analyzed the microstructure with SEM which indicated the microstructure. The amount of alumina in aluminum dross grade No.0 has 8 0 percent with a powder aluminum dross grade No.1 is a hunk with crystalline alumina component 85 percent. Aluminum dross grade No. 2 which is a big hunk has crystalline alumina components 9 0 percent. Analysis results indicates that aluminum dross can be applied to other aspects such as to produce bulletproof vests and so on.

This research work was to study the improvement of toughness of polylactic acid (PLA) and the cost reduction of raw material with addition of untreated and treated oil palm fiber (OPF). The detail of this work was divided into two parts. The first was to find the suitable condition for surface treatment of OPF with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The second part was to study the effect of untreated and treated OPF contents on the mechanical properties of PLA. For surface treatment of OPF NaOH concentrations and immersion times were varied from 0 to 15 wt% and 0 to 30 min respectively. Aspect ratio (L/D) and surface of untreated and treated OPF were investigated by using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively. The result suggested that the most suitable condition for surface treatment of OPF was NaOH concentration of 10 wt% at immersion time of 20 min. Treated OPF was occurred microporous and had more rough as compare to untreated fiber. For the effect of untreated and treated OPF contents on the mechanical properties of PLA it was evaluated by tensile and impact testing. SEM was used for investigation of interfacial adhesion and fiber dispersion. The results showed that tensile modulus and impact strength tend to increase with adding 2.5 wt% OPF content and slightly changed at higher OPF content whereas ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing fiber content. Surface treatment with NaOH led to enhancement of mechanical properties of composite due to improve interfacial adhesion and fiber dispersion.