Bicomponent fiber is a specific type of synthetic fibers with two different properties of polymers joined together in the same filament during spinning process. Bicomponent fibers have distinctive properties from monocomponent fibers. The properties of fibers are outcomes of type of cross section properties of composed polymers fiber spinning process condition and after-treatment process. The primary applications of bicomponent fibers are self-crimping (or self-bulkiness) fibers thermal binder fibers microfibers and special property fibers which can be added into the shealth of fiber. The fiber processing types and applications of bicomponent fibers are summerised and stated in this paper.

Biodegradable polymer blend fibers were prepared by melt spinning technique. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were blended in a twin screw extruder at various contents of PBS at 0-50 wt%. PLA/PBS blends were melt spun using a single screw extruder equipped with multifilaments spinnerette. The effect of PBS contents on morphology thermal properties and mechanical performance of PLA/PBS blend fiber was investigated. SEM micrographs indicated that the addition of PBS at 10 wt% showed miscibility of PLA/PBS blends while the other contents of PBS exhibited phase separation of the blends. The incorporation of PBS affected on the declination of crystallinity in the blends. It can be noted that the addition of PBS could enhance the elasticity of PLA/PBS blend fibers.