The aim of this study was to synthesize a non-halogen phosphate based flame retardant by using chitosan and phosphate compound as substances. The P-N synergistic effect was required in this study. After synthesizing the flame retardant was coated on cotton fabric by dipping then the fabric was tested for flame retardant properties compared to untreated cotton fabric. The three products with N and P in structure were gained by synthesis and confirmed by H-NMR spectroscopy. The time of combustion raised from 14 seconds in untreated cotton to 21 seconds in cotton that treated by product No. 2. Next the mechanical properties of treated cotton fabric are going to measure and the variation of techniques to apply flame retardant on fabric surface is going to test.

Grafting of hyperbranched polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer onto ultrafine silica followed by the introduction of phosphonic acid groups onto branch ends was carried out. First an initiating site was incorporated into silica surface by reacting the silica silanol group with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane producing amino-functionalized silica. The free amine group content was controlled by varying ratios of methanol to water in the hydrolysis step of sol-gel reaction. Then grafting of PAMAM was performed by repetitive reactions between Michael addition of silica amino groups to methyl acrylate and amidation of the resulting terminal methyl ester groups with ethylenediamine. Amino group content in each generation was determined. This was found to be significantly lower than theoretical value due to unavoidable side reactions. After the G3.0 hyperbranched PAMAM grafted onto silica was synthesized phosphonic acids functionalization of the terminal amino groups by the Mannich type reaction was carried out. The phosphorylated hyperbranched PAMAM grafted silica was achieved and its application on cotton fabric to produce phosphonated cellulose was studied.