The potential of extracts of the Ficus hispida Linn to inhibit germination and growth of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) a common weed in rice. The bark leaves and fruit of F. hispida isolated by the Maceration and extracted by the polarity of the solvent (Sequential Extraction) with organic solvents such as hexane ethyl acetate and methanol when each part of the crude extract was tested the type of phytochemical tested for germinate inhibition root length inhibition stem length inhibition and dry weight inhibition of barnyardgrass and selected extracts with highest inhibition to separation using column chromatography the fractions tested repeating. The results showed that 1. Crude methanolic extracts from the bark leaves and fruit of barnyardgrass at a concentration of 3000 ppm showed highest inhibited percentage of germinate inhibition root length inhibition stem length inhibition and dry weight inhibition. 2. Fractions methanolic extracts from the bark leaves and fruit of barnyardgrass on a separate with column chromatography found that fractions extracts F5 F8 and F2 showed highest inhibited percentage of germinate inhibition root length inhibition stem length inhibition and dry weight inhibition.

The objectives of this research were to study chemical composition of crude extract from Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson and Coix lacryma-jobi Linn to determine the appropriate ratio of crude extract between Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson and Coix lacryma-jobi Linn to develop a facial washing gel derived from crude extract from Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson and Coix lacryma-jobi Linn. The results showed that the crude extracts from Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson and Coix lacryma-jobi Linn had the total phenolic at 45.21 and 38.24 g/ml respectively. Whereas the total tannin from Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson and Coix lacryma-jobi Linn was 33.76 and 22.08 g/ml respectively. The steroids-terpene flavonoid and alkaloid were found in the crude extract of Naringi crenulata (Roxb.)Nicolson. The Steroids-terpene and flavonoid was found in crude extract of Coix lacryma-jobi Linn. IC50 of the tyrosinase inhibition was 0.28 mg/ml. The ratio of the crude extract could inhibition the enzyme tyrosinase was 1:1 with the IC500.18 mg/ml. The facial washing gel had red–brown colour with slightly smell from the extract with stable bubble. In addition the pH of the product was 6.7

Study on the inhibition of germination and growth of weeds in rice fields. The extract from the leaves of Xy/ocorpus gongeticus Parkins and Porinori onomense Hance using fermentation Maceration and extraction techniques for Sequential Extraction with three types of solvent hexane ethyl acetate and methanol. The resuLts showed that Leaf extract of Xy/ocorpus gongeticus Parkins with ethylacetate at a concentration of 2000 -3000 ppm showed the highest inhibition of germination and growth of weeds. When the substance to be separated by chromatographic techniques showed that the extracts inhibited the germination and growth percentage of Fl is the highest. Leaf extract of Porinori onomense Hance with hexane at a concentration of 2000 3000 ppm showed the highest inhibition of germination and growth of weeds. When the substance to be separated by chromatographic techniques showed that the extracts inhibited the germination and growth percentage of F4 is the highest. Which can be used for research and development of natural products from plants to control weeds in rice fields to develop further research to commercialization

The biological activity of erude hexane ethylacetate and methanol extracts from stem bark of Xylocarpus granatum Koen. Walsura trichostemon Miq. And Parinari anamense Hance with sequential extraction and maceration technique. The crude extract was employed toevaluate the biological activity such as the antimicrobial activities test by the Microplate broth dilution techniques the antioxidant activities test by DPPH radical scavenging assay the totalphenolic contents test by the Folin-Ciocalteu method the anti-malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) test by Microculture Radioisotope Technique the anti-Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (anti-TB) test by Green fluorescent protein microplate assay (GFPMA) and the anti-cancer (KB-Oral cavity cancer) test by Resazurin Microplate assay (REMA)

Garlic is an ancient food and medicinal plant that has been used for centuries. The research team was interested in creating a garlic oil extract that could help reduce microbial contamination in the air during the prolonged period of the COVID-19 situation. A prototype sugarcane leaf paper filter was treated with garlic oil extract to improve its air purification properties and to reduce the number of microorganisms. This study investigated garlic oil extracts that were produced by a garlic fermentation process with isolated lactic acid bacteria. The oil was then extracted using steam distillation or maceration with 80% ethyl alcohol. Both these methods demonstrated that they were effective in inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms contaminating isolated from air (Fungi: Penicillium sp. Aspergillus spp. and Rhizopus sp. and Bacteria: E. coil Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus sp.) by Agar Diffusion method. It was found that the garlic oil extract distilled from steam was the best choice for further development as a coating for filter paper. Garlic oil extract can be stored at room temperature for at least 15 days after being coated on filter papers. After that the filters with garlic extract-coated filters made by sewing together four folded filter papers could remove the dust of 2.5 sizes as well as HEPA filters but had a disadvantage in filtering dust that was at least 10 PPM. This paper filter prototype was environmentally friendly because it could decompose on the ground within 12-15 days and reduce the spread of infection problems. From overall the prototype of the garlic oil extraction process can be developed at a commercial industrial level to produce large quantities of garlic extract with desired quality tracking features. It helps reducing environmental problems in a sustainable way; reducing waste conserving energy and using environmentally friendly materials.