The potential health benefits attributed to mulberry leaf and its bioactive compounds have led to a huge increase of mulberry leaf products in the food market. The objective of this research was to determine total antioxidant activities ( FRAP and DPPH assays) and polyphenol compounds in 4 snack products i.e. loaf-bread puifai (Thai steamed cupcakes) peakpoon (Green coconut sweet pudding) and snow skin mooncake fortified with 10% mulberry leaf powder from “ Buri Rum 60” cultivar. The result showed that antioxidant activities and polyphenol contents increased in 4 products fortified with mulberry leaf powder. Ferulic acid was the only phenolic compound found in all original products. Kaempferol quercetin and caffeic acid were significantly increased whereas ferulic acid was reduced in the modified formulas. Therefore these bioactive compounds properties of mulberry leaf powder suggested their possible use for fortifying the healthy foods.

A simple flow injection analytical system for an automatic determination of phosphate in water samples using the molybdenum blue method was developed. Samples were injected and mixed with ascorbic acid used as a reducing agent. The absorbance of the resulting molybdenum blue complex was measured at 880 nm by a spectrophotometer. The optimal conditions of this system were 2 mL/min of carrier flow rate 1000 μL of sample volume 60 centimeters of mixing tube length and 0.020 mol/L of ascorbic acid. The proposed method showed reliability high sensitivity spend small amount of reagents and samples and fast sample throughput (52 samples/hour). The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.015 mg P/L of phosphate. Precision obtained injecting a phosphate standard solution of 0.50 mg P/L (n=10) was 1.81%. This system can be applied to determination of phosphate content in surface water samples in Lopburi province by comparing with a standard method. It was found that obtained from the developed system agreed well with the standard method using the pair t-test (tstat 0.04 < tcrit 2.36). This flow injection analysis system has no effect from arsenate and silicate interference for the analysis of natural water samples.

Rice flour-based cookies are gluten-free products. Cricket powder and isolated soy protein are alternative protein sources which can provide desirable nutrition. Xanthan gum is one of the hydrocolloids affecting the texture of cookies. This study investigated the effect of cricket powder (CP) isolated soy protein (ISP) and xanthan gum on the physical chemical and sensory qualities of rice flour-based cookies. The substitution of rice flour with two protein sources CP (25 and 35%) and ISP (0 25 and 35%) in the cookie formulations which were evaluated for their qualities using a 2x3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. The result showed that when CP increased or ISP decreased the diameter of the product significantly (p≤0.05) increased but the hardness of the product significantly (p≤0.05) decreased. The effect of xanthan gum (0 0.14 0.28 and 0.42%) on the quality of products was also evaluated. It indicated that the increase in xanthan gum content significantly (p≤0.05) increased water activity moisture content and hardness of product while the liking score for hardness and overall liking significantly (p≤0.05) decreased. Therefore the optimal formula of rice flour cookies was 25% CP and 35% ISP for rice flour replacement without xanthan gum.

The objectives of this research were to construct a jar oven for the production of roasted chicken using heat from far-infrared radiation and to find the amount of electricity and specific energy consumption used in the production of roasted chicken. The physical properties in terms of color softness cooking yield and water holding capacity of roasted chicken were also investigated. By using far-infrared radiation at electrical power levels of 1000 1200 and 1400 watts to roast marinated chicken which had an initial mass of about 1650 grams until the mass of the roasted chicken had a lower than 1220 grams. From the experimental results it was found that the production of roasted chicken at far- infrared radiation with a high electrical power level requires significantly less electricity and specific energy consumption than that with low electrical power level (P≤0.05). Roasted chicken breasts with far-infrared radiation at 1400 watts had significantly higher lightness (L value) but lower redness (a value) and yellowness (b value) than those of 1000 watts (P≤0.05). However lightness (L value) yellowness (b value) and redness (a value) of the roasted chicken breast with far-infrared radiation at 1200 watts were not significantly different from those at 1000 and 1400 watts (P>0.05). The shear force and water holding capacity of roasted chicken were significantly increased when the electrical power levels of far-infrared radiation increased (P≤0.05). Moreover the electrical power levels of far-infrared radiation (1000 1200 and 1400 watts) did not significantly affect the cooking yield of roasted chicken (P>0.05).Sponso

. This research aimed to study the acidification processes of carving vegetable using acid conditioning machine under emperature and pressure control which was developed in this study. Four acidification procedures were done at normal atmospheric pressure (method 1) under vacuum pressure for 10 (method 2) and 20 min (method 3) and vacuum pressure alternating with normal atmospheric pressure for each of 1 hour. There were two main parts of acid conditioning machine including the temperature controller inside the pickle tank and heat conductor tank and the pressure controller inside the pickle tank. The pickling temperature was stabled at 40oC under the pressure of 0.5 Bar. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) program was used to write the ladder for controlling all processes and display through SCADA system. The results showed that the acidification method by soaking the carved-rose carrot under vacuum pressure alternating with normal atmospheric pressure showed the shortest time to equilibrium by 7 hours. Then the carved-rose carrot was packed in the glass jar followed by sterilized in boiling water for 15 minutes and stored at room temperature for 7 days. Total bacteria count Escherichia coli and Yeast-mold were not exceeded than the standard limit. Staphylococcus aureus was not detected throughout the storage periods