The potential health benefits attributed to mulberry leaf tea and its bioactive compounds such as antioxidant effects cancer chemoprevention and lower blood sugar levels have led to a huge increase of mulberry leaf tea products in the food market. The objectives of this research were to determine the appropriate amount of mulberry leaf tea powder Buri Rum 60 added in 4 snack products which were cook by 4 different process i.e. bread (baked) puifai (steam) peakpoon (stir) and snow lotus (no heat treatment). The Mulberry leaf tea powder was used in the ingredients for 3 levels i.e. 5 10 and 15%. Then the most preferred formula was analyzed for the nutritional values. The result showed that all 4 snacks added with Mulberry leaf tea powder at level of 10% were accepted the most. The nutritive value of these 4 snacks indicated that the moisture contents decreased while protein fiber ash energy increased significantly (p≤0.05). In comparison to the original formulas fat decreased significantly in bread and snow lotus added with mulberry leaf tea powder (p≤0.05) and decreased non-significantly in puifai and peakpoon added with Mulberry leaf tea powder (p>0.05). Carbohydrate increased significantly in bread and peakpoon added with mulberry leaf tea powder (p≤0.05) and increased non-significantly in puifai and snow lotus added with Mulberry leaf tea powder (p>0.05).

The purposes of this research were 1) to study organic rice production of Praknamdaeng Community Amphawa Samutsongkhram 2) to investigate explicit knowledge of organic rice plantation in Praknamdaeng Community and 3) to discover guidelines on promotion to grow organic rice for food security of Praknamdaeng Community. The population groups were agricultural government officials and Praknamdaeng’s farmers. The research tool was interview analyzed by content analysis. The results revealed as follows: 1) According to organic rice production of Praknamdaeng Community there were 288 hectares (1800 rais in Thai) rice-growing areas and 90 farmers’ families in villages 2 3 4 and 6. The land was full of clay not flooded and in the downstream irrigation area. The weather was humid because it was near the sea. There were many different types of rice varieties grown in Praknamdaeng Community namely; Khao Leuang Patew Chumphon Pathumthani fragrant rice RD 31 Suphan Buri 1 RD 59 RD 47 Sangyod Maung Phatthalung rice Aromatic Black (Hom–nin) rice and Riceberry rice. Rice farming process was mostly taught by villages’ ancestors or experts through learning by doing and working together. The problem of traditional rice growing was soil degradation. The organic rice cultivation in Praknamdaeng Community began in 2005. Khao Leuang Patew Chumphon the loca rice was highly grown. Nowadays 70 percentage of the land was full of GAP organic rice production. The biggest problem for the farmers in the community was drought. 2) As for the appropriate knowledge of organic rice production in Praknamdaeng Community the rice farming processes between traditional and organic rice growing were not different. In the case of organic rice production bio-chemicals were used as herbicides and pesticides but the amount of chemical substances was reduced and only used in a short period for safe. 3) Due to guidelines on promotion to grow organic rice for food security of Praknamdaeng Community there were some guidelines for the 2 groups: farmers and community. The guidelines for the farmers were 1) the pursuit of knowledge or transfer of knowledge to the farmers 2) establishing the learning center of organic rice production in the community by chemical-free cultivation 3) providing organic rice paddy demonstration plot for learning 4) preparing the local people to understand and be volunteers for organic rice cultivation 5) developing farmer organization and 6) promoting comprehensive marketing. The guidelines for the community were 1) in the aspect of the quality of life organic rice consumption has to be promoted for the local people and for food security in the future 2) in the aspect of promotion of farmer career organic rice products can be more value-added make pride and more money for the community 3) systematic community enterprise management 4) support for the networks of producers food processing and distribution of organic rice among other communities and provinces. In the aspect of food security the farmers firstly focus on farmer career stability because they consider it as one of the important careers to produce food to the society. Moreover standard qualified products and suitable demand and supply are included.

This research aimed to develop paper from oil palm empty fruit bunch (Fb) oil palm mesocarp (M) and paper mulberry (P) with chitosan coating to be used as single-use paper bag for dry food products. The optimal pulp preparation conditions for Fb M and P fibers were boiling in 25 25 and 15% NaOH solution at 170 170 and 100°C for 3 hours respectively. The optimal H2O2 concentrations for bleaching of Fb M and P pulps were 40% 40% and 0.2% respectively. The obtained pulps were used to prepare papers with the basis weight of 109 g/m2 . The papers consisted of Fb M and P pulps at ratios of 70:0:30 (FbP) 0:70:30 (MP) and 35:35:30 (FbMP). It was found that FbP paper showed superior physical and/or mechanical characteristics than those of MP and FbMP. FbP papers were then coated with chitosan solutions (0.2-0.6%) to further improve their mechanical properties and reduce their water absorption characteristics. The optimal concentration of chitosan was 0.4%. This study showed that all three types of pulps could be used to produce papers that had equal or superior mechanical- and water adsorption properties as compared to those of commercially available paper bags made from wood pulp.

This research aimed to : 1) study the constructivist teaching method through cooperative learning activities to enable students’ self-instruction 2) to design the cooperative teaching and learning model based on the constructivism for the information literacy and research skills course for the students at Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon and 3) to develop the constructivist-cooperative teaching and learning instruction to develop critical thinking and learning achievement for the information literacy and research skills course at Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon. This research used a mixed-method between quantitative research and qualitative research. The data were collected from 30 students using the questionnaire approved by the experts. The in-depth interviewed data from five students who were fast acute and adept learners were analyzed and processed. The computerized statistics were percentage mean and standard deviation. The qualitative data were analyzed for content (Content Analysis). The findings showed that the students had the opinion at a high level about the model of constructivist-cooperative teaching and learning model in the information literacy skills course. Regarding each aspect it was found that the students were extremely satisfied with the constructivist-cooperative teaching and learning model. The following satisfaction lied in the development of the teaching and learning model and the trial of the model conducted with real students to see any potential flaws for further improvement and development of appropriate and effective instruction models. In addition the opinions of the informants were accordant with those of the students. The model should focus on the content and the instruction design. Group works should be used so that students can help each other. Experts in constructivism should play a main role in the development of a constructivist-cooperative instruction model. The constructivist-cooperative instruction model should be implemented with real students. The results can be further used for improvement and development of appropriate and effective instruction models.

The objectives of this research were to characterize growth and melanin production on different culture media effect of copper ion and cobalt ion on growth and melanin production including antibacterial activity of crude melanin. The results revealed that actinomycetes strain PNST-01 have good growth on ISP-7 medium synthetic medium while strain PRBS-12 grow very well on ISP-3 medium complex medium. Both strains produced high amount of melanin showing brownish colony on ISP-7 medium but there is no melanin pigment production on ISP-1 medium and ISP-6 medium. Moreover the growth rate was reduced and both strains could not produce melanin pigment on ISP-7 medium without supplement with copper chloride and cobalt chloride. Crude melanin extract of strain PNST-01 showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 but could not inhibit Escherichia coli Shigella dysenteriae Salmonella typhi Klebsiella pneumoniae Serratia marcescens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes . While crude melanin extract of strain PRBS-12 gave antimicrobial activity only on B. cereus ATCC 11778 and B. subtilis ATCC 6633. Based on the study the results can be used as key information for further development of melanin production and application in various industries.