Using of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and synthetic surfactant increase the chemical contamination in water. The co-phytotoxicity of EDTA (0-20 mg/l) and 3 synthetic surfactants; Triton X-100 (0-10xCMC) Tween 80 (0-10xCMC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (0-2 x CMC) on the growth of 2 duckweeds spirodela polyrrhiza and Lemma perpusilla were studied for 3 days. The results showed that the surfactant were phytotoxic on the growth of both plants while EDTA was not. SDS was the most toxic to plant especially on all chlorophyll content. Triton X-100 was only toxic to the growth of L. perpusilla and weight of S. polyrrhiza. Tween 80 was less or the least toxic to both plants. This surfactant only decreased chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content of S.polyrrhiza and L. perpusilla. There was not any interaction between EDTA and surfactant on most toxicity tests. With these results synthetic surfactant contamination should be more concerned than co-contamination with EDTA.

The objective of this research is to develop the concrete flooring tile product from old asphalt road waste. The 6 ratios of Portland cement type1: coarse sand: old asphalt road waste: water reducer type A: tap water were designed including: 1: 5: 0: 0.02: 0.4 1: 4.5: 0.5: 0.02: 0.4 1: 4: 1: 0.02: 0.4 1: 3.5: 1.5: 0.02: 0.4 1: 3: 2: 0.02: 0.4 and 1: 2.5: 2.5: 0.02: 0.4 by weight. The concrete flooring tile casted with the compressive machine. The property tests followed the TIS.378 - 1988 (concrete flooring tiles). According to the result it was found that the 1: 2.5: 2.5: 0.02: 0.4 was the proper ratio of the concrete flooring tile. The increasing of old asphalt road waste in concrete flooring tile effected to decrease the water absorption and thermal conductivity properties. In term of the density and bending strength properties there were not many differences. The developed concrete flooring tile product from old asphalt road waste can use as same as the common concrete flooring tile product in market.

This research aims to evaluate performance ease of use and security of designer bathroom for People with Visual Impairment. To establish criteria for designing bathrooms for people with visual impairment convenient and secure. The testing of bathroom designed for People with Visual Impairment in the ease of use and safety. From a sample of 30 people from evaluating the performance of People with Visual Impairment bathroom. To establish design criteria have been concluded. Orientation access various functions within the toilet should be placed in a triangular pattern. The size of the space available in each section should have a width close to reaching both the left and right or 1:00 to 1:20 meters approximately which led to the creation of the navigation functions. The surface should look different. But both have the same floor area. Case in point empirically for various functions. Use a light spot Or wall colors yellow orange To those who have blurred vision. Use more convenient The height of the counter should not be less than 0.80 meters so that disabled people have to stoop so dangerous. Detailed breakdown of wet and dry areas. The slope should be greater than the lower level. Or the waterproof (CURB) distance from the gate to reach the final (toilet) should be approximately 2:00 to 2:40 meters that should enhance security by using the cushioning material at the wall. Edge counters And bidets The research was to evaluate the efficiency of People with Visual Impairment bathroom. To establish design criteria To be appropriate And safe to use From designing a bathroom for People with Visual Impairment. The result is a conclusion from the test sample only preliminary. The need for additional testing of water and three forms or compare with typical bathroom. From a diverse group of users to have a complete research results and to determine the design criteria occur.

This study applied the kunzelstab penetration Test (KPT) or Light Penetrometer to examined penetration resistance values geological profiles and estimate shear strength properties of soils. KPT tests were carried out on steep slopes that exhibit potential slope movement in Chiang Rai province. The principal uses of the KPT are examined; i.e. correction method for N’KPT’ soil profile and allowable bearing capacity of soil foundation. KPT tests were conducted at 13 boreholes each measuring 4.00 m long along the crown of the slope. The results indicated the compacted layer and located the firm layer of soil foundation. The average allowable bearing capacities were 1.53 t/m2 at depth of 1.00-5.00 m and 17.06 t/m2 for 5.00-6.00 m depth respectively. Furthermore this paper presents an analysis of the stability of a slope with the shear strength parameters of the soil and the geological profile were defined based on the results of KPT. The results of factor of safety were below the stable value for analysis cases with groundwater table. Test results demonstrate the usefulness of the KPT method in geotechnical investigations to estimate soil profile and bearing capacity efficiently and economically. This approach is also less time consuming compared to other geotechnical site investigation methods.

This research aims to develop the natural rubber and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) plastic floor tile with flame resistance property. The 6 ratios of natural-rubber STR 20: zinc oxide: stearic acid: sulfur: mercaptobenzothiazole: diphenyl guanidine: EVA plastic: antimony trioxide were equal to 100: 5: 2: 3: 0.5: 0.2: 20: 0 100: 5: 2: 3: 0.5: 0.2: 20: 20 100: 5: 2: 3: 0.5: 0.2: 20: 40 100: 5: 2: 3: 0.5: 0.2: 20: 60 100: 5: 2: 3: 0.5: 0.2: 20: 80 and 100: 5: 2: 3: 0.5: 0.2: 20: 100 by weight or phr. The samples are ground by two-roll mill and formed by compression molding at 150 degree Celsius with 30x30x0.2 cm of dimension for 4: 29 to 5: 19 minutes. The properties of the natural-rubber floor tiles were tested under ASTM standard. From the results it was found that the natural rubber and ethylene vinyl acetate plastic floor tile with flame resistance property was the suitable ratio for using as the rubber floor tiles in building and extinguished a fire by themselves. The antimony trioxide effected to increase the density hardness and thermal conductivity and decrease the tensile strength tear strength and wear resistance properties of the natural rubber and EVA plastic floor tiles