The objectives of this research were to study the travel destination in South East Asia and travel motivation of European tourists. Survey research methodology was exploited by distributing questionnaires to sample group of 400 tourists which 198 were returned. Then descriptive statistic parameters including frequencies percentages means standard deviations and inferential statistics included a t-test one-way ANOVA Person’s Correlation Coefficients and Cronbach’s Alpha were employed to analyze the data with .05 significance level. The result of the research reveal that the first 5 tourist destination ranking of South East Asia country were Thai Vietnam Cambodia Indonesia and Malaysia. The result indicated that there are non-significant differences in both of travel motivation mean of European tourist which result also found the significant relationship between push and pull motivation.

This research aimed to transfer technology about biogas digester construction and applying the biogas in household to teachers and students in Suksasongkhro Tak school. They were instructed and trained about biogas digester construction and applying the biogas produced from animal manure on cooking in household to reduce using LPG. The research operations were separated to 4 phases. The first was preparation and making understanding. The second was instruction and practical training. The third was monitoring and project evaluation. The last one was organizing the science project event. The number of participant teachers and students was 330. From the result of 5 scale questionnaire in project evaluation it was found that the evaluation about knowledge and understanding showed the maximum scale ( = 4.42 SD = 0.84). The second was about location duration and food ( = 4.36 SD = 0.75). The evaluation about the knowledge showed the lowest scale ( = 4.28 SD = 0.77). For the project evaluation of success it was found that every biogas digester done by participants could produce the biogas and it could be use to replace LPG and reduce expenditure about 1400 – 1500 baht/month. The total construction cost of biogas production system was 58000 baht. So the payback period was 3.22 years.

The purpose of this research was to study antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Myrtaceae ( Melaleuca cajeputi Malaleuca leucadendra Syzygium cumini L. and Rhodomyrtus tomentasa (Ait.) Hassk.) at Kuankreng Peatlands. A total of 124 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained from all plant types. Three week old fermentation broths of endophytic fungi were tested for antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method. Forty- six isolates (37.1%) inhibited at least 1 type of pathogen. Fermentation broth and cells of active endophytes were further extracted with organic solvents and tested for MIC using the microdilution broth method. The results show that 156 of the total of 174 crude extracts (89.6%) produced MIC ? 200 g/mL. The lowest MIC for S. aureus ATCC25923 MRSA SK1 P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 C. albicans ATCC90028C. neoformans ATCC90012 and M. gypseum were 128 200 200 64 200 16 and 200 g/mL respectively.

The objective of this paper was study guidelines for taxation to promote the use of energy efficient passenger cars. The passenger car taxation of 4 developed countries; namely Japan Germany United Kingdom (UK) and United States (US) were analyzed and compared with Thai taxation. And studied barriers for promote the use of energy efficient passenger cars in Thailand. This survey conducted by using the close-ended questionnaires collecting data from 400 people who used passenger cars in Bangkok. The results found that tax on acquisition in the developed countries were only subjected to sales tax while Thailand’s acquisition tax composed of customs duty excise duty municipal tax and value added tax. The ownership tax rates of passenger cars in Japan Germany and UK were based on different fuel consumption parameters such as cylinder capacity vehicle weight and CO2 emissions which can promote energy efficient cars. On the contrary the ownership tax rate of USA and Thailand reduces with the age of vehicle. Fuel tax was imposed to support the country energy policy. Opinion survey results of barriers for promoting energy efficient passenger cars in Thailand showed that the significant problems were the lack of incentives measures to promote the use of energy efficient cars.

The purpose of this research is to estimate the affects of water content (27 37 and 47 % wet basis) cooking time (1 3 and 5 hr) at 110oC and germinating time (24 36 and 48 hr) on chemical composition structure and properties of germinated purple rice flour. A Box-Behnken design under the response surface methodology was performed to optimize their composition. Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Nan was research place. Results demonstrated that germinating time had no significantly effect on protein and lipid content but resulted in increasing crude fiber and decreasing carbohydrate and amylose content with increase in germinating time. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) revealed the presence of polyhedral shape and agglomerations. Birefringence was evidenced. Pasting properties of germinated purple rice flour showed an increase in the pasting temperature but a decrease the peak viscosity breakdown final viscosity and setback (p<0.05) as germinating time increased. Modified rice flour were increase in carbohydrate and amylose content and decrease in protein lipid ash and fiber as water content and cooking time at 110oC increased. Change in birefringence of starch granule after heating at 110oC was examined by a polarized light microscope. SEM showed the presence of creak surfaces and agglomerations. The swelling power of germinated purple rice flour decreased with increase in cooking time. The solubility at 85oC of germinated purple rice flour was increased in each level of water content.